Risk factors and outcome associated with fungal infections in patients with severe burn injury: 10-year retrospective IFI-BURN study.
Invasive fungal disease
burn wound
critical care
Journal
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
ISSN: 1537-6591
Titre abrégé: Clin Infect Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9203213
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
25 Jun 2024
25 Jun 2024
Historique:
received:
24
03
2024
revised:
08
06
2024
accepted:
20
06
2024
medline:
25
6
2024
pubmed:
25
6
2024
entrez:
25
6
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
In burn patients, skin barrier disruption and immune dysfunctions increase susceptibility to invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) like invasive candidiasis (IC) and invasive mold infections (IMI). We provide an in-depth analysis of IFD-related factors and outcomes in a 10-year cohort of severe burn patients. Retrospective cohort study including adult patients admitted to the Burn Intensive Care Unit (BICU) between April 2014 and May 2023 with Total Burn Surface Area (TBSA) ≥15%. Patients were classified as proven IFD according to EORTC/MSGERC criteria applicable for IC. Putative IMIs were defined with: ≥2 positive cultures from a skin biopsy/bronchoalveolar lavage OR ≥2 positive blood specific-qPCRs OR a combination of both. Among 1381 patients admitted, 276 consecutive patients with TBSA ≥15% were included. Eighty-seven (31.5%; IC n=30; IMI n=43; both n=14) patients fulfilled the criteria for probable/putative IFD. At Day 30 after the burn injury, the estimated cumulative incidence pr/pu IFD was 26.4% (95%CI 21.4-31.8%). Factors independently associated with IFDs were TBSA, severity scores and indoor burn injury (i.e., from confined space fire). Overall mortality was 15.3% and 36.8% in the no IFD, pr/pu IFD groups respectively (p<0.0001). IFD was independently associated with a risk of death (HR: 1.94 for pr/pu IFD; 95%CI, 1.12-3.36; p=0.019). This study describes 21st-century characteristics of IFDs in sever burn patients confirming known risk factors with thresholds and identifying the indoor injury as an independent factor associated to IFDs. This suggests a link to contamination caused by fire damage, which is highly susceptible to aerosolizing spores.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
In burn patients, skin barrier disruption and immune dysfunctions increase susceptibility to invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) like invasive candidiasis (IC) and invasive mold infections (IMI). We provide an in-depth analysis of IFD-related factors and outcomes in a 10-year cohort of severe burn patients.
METHOD
METHODS
Retrospective cohort study including adult patients admitted to the Burn Intensive Care Unit (BICU) between April 2014 and May 2023 with Total Burn Surface Area (TBSA) ≥15%. Patients were classified as proven IFD according to EORTC/MSGERC criteria applicable for IC. Putative IMIs were defined with: ≥2 positive cultures from a skin biopsy/bronchoalveolar lavage OR ≥2 positive blood specific-qPCRs OR a combination of both.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Among 1381 patients admitted, 276 consecutive patients with TBSA ≥15% were included. Eighty-seven (31.5%; IC n=30; IMI n=43; both n=14) patients fulfilled the criteria for probable/putative IFD. At Day 30 after the burn injury, the estimated cumulative incidence pr/pu IFD was 26.4% (95%CI 21.4-31.8%). Factors independently associated with IFDs were TBSA, severity scores and indoor burn injury (i.e., from confined space fire). Overall mortality was 15.3% and 36.8% in the no IFD, pr/pu IFD groups respectively (p<0.0001). IFD was independently associated with a risk of death (HR: 1.94 for pr/pu IFD; 95%CI, 1.12-3.36; p=0.019).
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSIONS
This study describes 21st-century characteristics of IFDs in sever burn patients confirming known risk factors with thresholds and identifying the indoor injury as an independent factor associated to IFDs. This suggests a link to contamination caused by fire damage, which is highly susceptible to aerosolizing spores.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38916974
pii: 7698434
doi: 10.1093/cid/ciae337
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.