CD19 CAR T cells for B cell malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis focused on clinical impacts of CAR structural domains, manufacturing conditions, cellular product, doses, patient's age, and tumor types.
4-1BB
CAR T cell dose
CAR T cells manufacturing conditions
CD28
CD8
Clinical response CAR T cells
Costimulatory domain
Hinge
Transmembrane
Journal
BMC cancer
ISSN: 1471-2407
Titre abrégé: BMC Cancer
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100967800
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
22 Aug 2024
22 Aug 2024
Historique:
received:
25
05
2023
accepted:
16
07
2024
medline:
23
8
2024
pubmed:
23
8
2024
entrez:
22
8
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) T cells are one of the most remarkable cellular therapies for managing B cell malignancies. However, long-term disease-free survival is still a challenge to overcome. Here, we evaluated the influence of different hinge, transmembrane (TM), and costimulatory CAR domains, as well as manufacturing conditions, cellular product type, doses, patient's age, and tumor types on the clinical outcomes of patients with B cell cancers treated with CD19 CAR T cells. The primary outcome was defined as the best complete response (BCR), and the secondary outcomes were the best objective response (BOR) and 12-month overall survival (OS). The covariates considered were the type of hinge, TM, and costimulatory domains in the CAR, CAR T cell manufacturing conditions, cell population transduced with the CAR, the number of CAR T cell infusions, amount of CAR T cells injected/Kg, CD19 CAR type (name), tumor type, and age. Fifty-six studies (3493 patients) were included in the systematic review and 46 (3421 patients) in the meta-analysis. The overall BCR rate was 56%, with 60% OS and 75% BOR. Younger patients displayed remarkably higher BCR prevalence without differences in OS. The presence of CD28 in the CAR's hinge, TM, and costimulatory domains improved all outcomes evaluated. Doses from one to 4.9 million cells/kg resulted in better clinical outcomes. Our data also suggest that regardless of whether patients have had high objective responses, they might have survival benefits from CD19 CAR T therapy. This meta-analysis is a critical hypothesis-generating instrument, capturing effects in the CD19 CAR T cells literature lacking randomized clinical trials and large observational studies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39174908
doi: 10.1186/s12885-024-12651-6
pii: 10.1186/s12885-024-12651-6
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antigens, CD19
0
Receptors, Chimeric Antigen
0
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Systematic Review
Meta-Analysis
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1037Subventions
Organisme : Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
ID : 143179/2021-7; 140514/2022-8
Organisme : Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
ID : 2018/17656-0
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
Références
Dana H, Chalbatani GM, Jalali SA, Mirzaei HR, Grupp SA, Suarez ER, Raposo C, Webster TJ. CAR-T cells: early successes in blood cancer and challenges in solid tumors. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2021;11(5):1129–47.
pubmed: 34094824
doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.10.020
Mantovani A, Allavena P, Marchesi F, Garlanda C. Macrophages as tools and targets in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2022;21(11):799–820.
pubmed: 35974096
pmcid: 9380983
doi: 10.1038/s41573-022-00520-5
Kawalekar OU, O’Connor RS, Fraietta JA, Guo L, McGettigan SE, Posey AD Jr., Patel PR, Guedan S, Scholler J, Keith B, et al. Distinct signaling of Coreceptors regulates specific metabolism pathways and impacts Memory Development in CAR T cells. Immunity. 2016;44(2):380–90.
pubmed: 26885860
doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.01.021
Mohty M, Gautier J, Malard F, Aljurf M, Bazarbachi A, Chabannon C, Kharfan-Dabaja MA, Savani BN, Huang H, Kenderian S, et al. CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-T cells in B-cell leukemia and lymphoma: current status and perspectives. Leukemia. 2019;33(12):2767–78.
pubmed: 31690821
doi: 10.1038/s41375-019-0615-5
Page MJ, Moher D, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, Shamseer L, Tetzlaff JM, Akl EA, Brennan SE, et al. PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n160.
pubmed: 33781993
pmcid: 8005925
doi: 10.1136/bmj.n160
Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, Shamseer L, Tetzlaff JM, Akl EA, Brennan SE, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. J Clin Epidemiol. 2021;134:178–89.
pubmed: 33789819
doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.03.001
Grigor EJM, Fergusson DA, Haggar F, Kekre N, Atkins H, Shorr R, Holt RA, Hutton B, Ramsay T, Seftel M, et al. Efficacy and safety of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy in patients with haematological and solid malignancies: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2017;7(12):e019321.
pubmed: 29288188
pmcid: 5988064
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019321
Balduzzi S, Rucker G, Schwarzer G. How to perform a meta-analysis with R: a practical tutorial. Evid Based Ment Health. 2019;22(4):153–60.
pubmed: 31563865
pmcid: 10231495
doi: 10.1136/ebmental-2019-300117
Viechtbauer W. Conducting meta-analyses in R with the metafor package. J Stat Softw. 2010;36:1–48.
doi: 10.18637/jss.v036.i03
Brentjens RJ, Riviere I, Park JH, Davila ML, Wang X, Stefanski J, Taylor C, Yeh R, Bartido S, Borquez-Ojeda O, et al. Safety and persistence of adoptively transferred autologous CD19-targeted T cells in patients with relapsed or chemotherapy refractory B-cell leukemias. Blood. 2011;118(18):4817–28.
pubmed: 21849486
pmcid: 3208293
doi: 10.1182/blood-2011-04-348540
Kalos M, Levine BL, Porter DL, Katz S, Grupp SA, Bagg A, June CH. T cells with chimeric antigen receptors have potent antitumor effects and can establish memory in patients with advanced leukemia. Sci Transl Med. 2011;3(95):95ra73.
pubmed: 21832238
pmcid: 3393096
doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3002842
Kochenderfer JN, Dudley ME, Feldman SA, Wilson WH, Spaner DE, Maric I, Stetler-Stevenson M, Phan GQ, Hughes MS, Sherry RM, et al. B-cell depletion and remissions of malignancy along with cytokine-associated toxicity in a clinical trial of anti-CD19 chimeric-antigen-receptor-transduced T cells. Blood. 2012;119(12):2709–20.
pubmed: 22160384
pmcid: 3327450
doi: 10.1182/blood-2011-10-384388
Brentjens RJ, Davila ML, Riviere I, Park J, Wang X, Cowell LG, Bartido S, Stefanski J, Taylor C, Olszewska M, et al. CD19-targeted T cells rapidly induce molecular remissions in adults with chemotherapy-refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Sci Transl Med. 2013;5(177):177ra138.
doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3005930
Kochenderfer JN, Dudley ME, Kassim SH, Somerville RP, Carpenter RO, Stetler-Stevenson M, Yang JC, Phan GQ, Hughes MS, Sherry RM, et al. Chemotherapy-refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and indolent B-cell malignancies can be effectively treated with autologous T cells expressing an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(6):540–9.
pubmed: 25154820
doi: 10.1200/JCO.2014.56.2025
Lee DW, Kochenderfer JN, Stetler-Stevenson M, Cui YK, Delbrook C, Feldman SA, Fry TJ, Orentas R, Sabatino M, Shah NN, et al. T cells expressing CD19 chimeric antigen receptors for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children and young adults: a phase 1 dose-escalation trial. Lancet. 2015;385(9967):517–28.
pubmed: 25319501
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61403-3
Bhoj VG, Arhontoulis D, Wertheim G, Capobianchi J, Callahan CA, Ellebrecht CT, Obstfeld AE, Lacey SF, Melenhorst JJ, Nazimuddin F, et al. Persistence of long-lived plasma cells and humoral immunity in individuals responding to CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy. Blood. 2016;128(3):360–70.
pubmed: 27166358
pmcid: 4957161
doi: 10.1182/blood-2016-01-694356
Kebriaei P, Singh H, Huls MH, Figliola MJ, Bassett R, Olivares S, Jena B, Dawson MJ, Kumaresan PR, Su S, et al. Phase I trials using sleeping beauty to generate CD19-specific CAR T cells. J Clin Invest. 2016;126(9):3363–76.
pubmed: 27482888
pmcid: 5004935
doi: 10.1172/JCI86721
Ramos CA, Savoldo B, Torrano V, Ballard B, Zhang H, Dakhova O, Liu E, Carrum G, Kamble RT, Gee AP, et al. Clinical responses with T lymphocytes targeting malignancy-associated κ light chains. J Clin Invest. 2016;126(7):2588–96.
pubmed: 27270177
pmcid: 4922690
doi: 10.1172/JCI86000
Turtle CJ, Hanafi LA, Berger C, Hudecek M, Pender B, Robinson E, Hawkins R, Chaney C, Cherian S, Chen X, et al. Immunotherapy of non-hodgkin’s lymphoma with a defined ratio of CD8 + and CD4 + CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells. Sci Transl Med. 2016;8(355):355ra116.
pubmed: 27605551
pmcid: 5045301
doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf8621
Gardner RA, Finney O, Annesley C, Brakke H, Summers C, Leger K, Bleakley M, Brown C, Mgebroff S, Kelly-Spratt KS, et al. Intent-to-treat leukemia remission by CD19 CAR T cells of defined formulation and dose in children and young adults. Blood. 2017;129(25):3322–31.
pubmed: 28408462
pmcid: 5482103
doi: 10.1182/blood-2017-02-769208
Hu Y, Wu Z, Luo Y, Shi J, Yu J, Pu C, Liang Z, Wei G, Cui Q, Sun J, et al. Potent anti-leukemia activities of Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Modified T Cells against CD19 in Chinese patients with Relapsed/Refractory Acute lymphocytic leukemia. Clin Cancer Res. 2017;23(13):3297–306.
pubmed: 28039267
doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1799
Locke FL, Neelapu SS, Bartlett NL, Siddiqi T, Chavez JC, Hosing CM, Ghobadi A, Budde LE, Bot A, Rossi JM. Phase 1 results of ZUMA-1: a multicenter study of KTE-C19 anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy in refractory aggressive lymphoma. Mol Ther. 2017;25(1):285–95.
pubmed: 28129122
pmcid: 5363293
doi: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2016.10.020
Neelapu SS, Locke FL, Bartlett NL, Lekakis LJ, Miklos DB, Jacobson CA, Braunschweig I, Oluwole OO, Siddiqi T, Lin Y, et al. Axicabtagene Ciloleucel CAR T-Cell Therapy in Refractory large B-Cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(26):2531–44.
pubmed: 29226797
pmcid: 5882485
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1707447
Schuster SJ, Svoboda J, Chong EA, Nasta SD, Mato AR, Anak Ö, Brogdon JL, Pruteanu-Malinici I, Bhoj V, Landsburg D, et al. Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells in Refractory B-Cell Lymphomas. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(26):2545–54.
pubmed: 29226764
pmcid: 5788566
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1708566
Turtle CJ, Hay KA, Hanafi LA, Li D, Cherian S, Chen X, Wood B, Lozanski A, Byrd JC, Heimfeld S, et al. Durable molecular remissions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with CD19-Specific chimeric Antigen receptor-modified T cells after failure of Ibrutinib. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(26):3010–20.
pubmed: 28715249
pmcid: 5590803
doi: 10.1200/JCO.2017.72.8519
Enblad G, Karlsson H, Gammelgård G, Wenthe J, Lövgren T, Amini RM, Wikstrom KI, Essand M, Savoldo B, Hallböök H, et al. A phase I/IIa trial using CD19-Targeted third-generation CAR T cells for Lymphoma and Leukemia. Clin Cancer Res. 2018;24(24):6185–94.
pubmed: 30097433
doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-0426
Geyer MB, Riviere I, Senechal B, Wang X, Wang Y, Purdon TJ, Hsu M, Devlin SM, Halton E, Lamanna N, et al. Autologous CD19-Targeted CAR T cells in patients with residual CLL following initial Purine Analog-based therapy. Mol Ther. 2018;26(8):1896–905.
pubmed: 29910179
pmcid: 6094824
doi: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.05.018
Jacoby E, Bielorai B, Avigdor A, Itzhaki O, Hutt D, Nussboim V, Meir A, Kubi A, Levy M, Zikich D, et al. Locally produced CD19 CAR T cells leading to clinical remissions in medullary and extramedullary relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Am J Hematol. 2018;93(12):1485–92.
pubmed: 30187944
doi: 10.1002/ajh.25274
Maude SL, Laetsch TW, Buechner J, Rives S, Boyer M, Bittencourt H, Bader P, Verneris MR, Stefanski HE, Myers GD, et al. Tisagenlecleucel in Children and Young adults with B-Cell lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(5):439–48.
pubmed: 29385370
pmcid: 5996391
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1709866
Park JH, Rivière I, Gonen M, Wang X, Sénéchal B, Curran KJ, Sauter C, Wang Y, Santomasso B, Mead E, et al. Long-term follow-up of CD19 CAR therapy in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(5):449–59.
pubmed: 29385376
pmcid: 6637939
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1709919
Rossi J, Paczkowski P, Shen YW, Morse K, Flynn B, Kaiser A, Ng C, Gallatin K, Cain T, Fan R, et al. Preinfusion polyfunctional anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells are associated with clinical outcomes in NHL. Blood. 2018;132(8):804–14.
pubmed: 29895668
pmcid: 6107882
doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-01-828343
Svoboda J, Rheingold SR, Gill SI, Grupp SA, Lacey SF, Kulikovskaya I, Suhoski MM, Melenhorst JJ, Loudon B, Mato AR, et al. Nonviral RNA chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2018;132(10):1022–6.
pubmed: 29925499
doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-03-837609
Weng J, Lai P, Qin L, Lai Y, Jiang Z, Luo C, Huang X, Wu S, Shao D, Deng C, et al. A novel generation 1928zT2 CAR T cells induce remission in extramedullary relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Hematol Oncol. 2018;11(1):25.
pubmed: 29458388
pmcid: 5819207
doi: 10.1186/s13045-018-0572-x
Curran KJ, Margossian SP, Kernan NA, Silverman LB, Williams DA, Shukla N, Kobos R, Forlenza CJ, Steinherz P, Prockop S, et al. Toxicity and response after CD19-specific CAR T-cell therapy in pediatric/young adult relapsed/refractory B-ALL. Blood. 2019;134(26):2361–8.
pubmed: 31650176
pmcid: 6933289
doi: 10.1182/blood.2019001641
Ghorashian S, Kramer AM, Onuoha S, Wright G, Bartram J, Richardson R, Albon SJ, Casanovas-Company J, Castro F, Popova B, et al. Enhanced CAR T cell expansion and prolonged persistence in pediatric patients with ALL treated with a low-affinity CD19 CAR. Nat Med. 2019;25(9):1408–14.
pubmed: 31477906
doi: 10.1038/s41591-019-0549-5
Hay KA, Gauthier J, Hirayama AV, Voutsinas JM, Wu Q, Li D, Gooley TA, Cherian S, Chen X, Pender BS, et al. Factors associated with durable EFS in adult B-cell ALL patients achieving MRD-negative CR after CD19 CAR T-cell therapy. Blood. 2019;133(15):1652–63.
pubmed: 30728140
pmcid: 6460418
doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-11-883710
Hirayama AV, Gauthier J, Hay KA, Voutsinas JM, Wu Q, Gooley T, Li D, Cherian S, Chen X, Pender BS, et al. The response to lymphodepletion impacts PFS in patients with aggressive non-hodgkin lymphoma treated with CD19 CAR T cells. Blood. 2019;133(17):1876–87.
pubmed: 30782611
pmcid: 6484391
doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-11-887067
Hirayama AV, Gauthier J, Hay KA, Voutsinas JM, Wu Q, Pender BS, Hawkins RM, Vakil A, Steinmetz RN, Riddell SR, et al. High rate of durable complete remission in follicular lymphoma after CD19 CAR-T cell immunotherapy. Blood. 2019;134(7):636–40.
pubmed: 31648294
pmcid: 6695558
doi: 10.1182/blood.2019000905
Locke FL, Ghobadi A, Jacobson CA, Miklos DB, Lekakis LJ, Oluwole OO, Lin Y, Braunschweig I, Hill BT, Timmerman JM, et al. Long-term safety and activity of axicabtagene ciloleucel in refractory large B-cell lymphoma (ZUMA-1): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 1–2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(1):31–42.
pubmed: 30518502
doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30864-7
Ma F, Ho JY, Du H, Xuan F, Wu X, Wang Q, Wang L, Liu Y, Ba M, Wang Y, et al. Evidence of long-lasting anti-CD19 activity of engrafted CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells in a phase I study targeting pediatrics with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hematol Oncol. 2019;37(5):601–8.
pubmed: 31465532
pmcid: 6973049
doi: 10.1002/hon.2672
Schuster SJ, Bishop MR, Tam CS, Waller EK, Borchmann P, McGuirk JP, Jäger U, Jaglowski S, Andreadis C, Westin JR, et al. Tisagenlecleucel in adult relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(1):45–56.
pubmed: 30501490
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1804980
Ying Z, Huang XF, Xiang X, Liu Y, Kang X, Song Y, Guo X, Liu H, Ding N, Zhang T. A safe and potent anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy. Nat Med. 2019;25(6):947–53.
pubmed: 31011207
pmcid: 7518381
doi: 10.1038/s41591-019-0421-7
Zhang Q, Hu H, Chen SY, Liu CJ, Hu FF, Yu J, Wu Y, Guo AY. Transcriptome and Regulatory Network Analyses of CD19-CAR-T immunotherapy for B-ALL. Genomics Proteom Bioinf. 2019;17(2):190–200.
doi: 10.1016/j.gpb.2018.12.008
Abramson JS, Palomba ML, Gordon LI, Lunning MA, Wang M, Arnason J, Mehta A, Purev E, Maloney DG, Andreadis C, et al. Lisocabtagene maraleucel for patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphomas (TRANSCEND NHL 001): a multicentre seamless design study. Lancet. 2020;396(10254):839–52.
pubmed: 32888407
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31366-0
An F, Wang H, Liu Z, Wu F, Zhang J, Tao Q, Li Y, Shen Y, Ruan Y, Zhang Q, et al. Influence of patient characteristics on chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):5928.
pubmed: 33230103
pmcid: 7683530
doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19774-x
Benjamin R, Graham C, Yallop D, Jozwik A, Mirci-Danicar OC, Lucchini G, Pinner D, Jain N, Kantarjian H, Boissel N, et al. Genome-edited, donor-derived allogeneic anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells in paediatric and adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: results of two phase 1 studies. Lancet. 2020;396(10266):1885–94.
pubmed: 33308471
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32334-5
Cappell KM, Sherry RM, Yang JC, Goff SL, Vanasse DA, McIntyre L, Rosenberg SA, Kochenderfer JN. Long-term Follow-Up of Anti-CD19 chimeric Antigen receptor T-Cell therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(32):3805–15.
pubmed: 33021872
pmcid: 7655016
doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.01467
Chen YH, Zhang X, Cheng YF, Chen H, Mo XD, Yan CH, Chen Y, Han W, Sun YQ, Wang Y, et al. Long-term follow-up of CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cytotherapy. 2020;22(12):755–61.
pubmed: 32861622
doi: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.08.002
Frey NV, Gill S, Hexner EO, Schuster S, Nasta S, Loren A, Svoboda J, Stadtmauer E, Landsburg DJ, Mato A, et al. Long-term outcomes from a randomized dose optimization study of Chimeric Antigen Receptor Modified T Cells in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(25):2862–71.
pubmed: 32298202
pmcid: 8265376
doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.03237
Gu R, Liu F, Zou D, Xu Y, Lu Y, Liu B, Liu W, Chen X, Liu K, Guo Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of CD19 CAR T constructed with a new anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor in relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Hematol Oncol. 2020;13(1):122.
pubmed: 32894185
pmcid: 7487702
doi: 10.1186/s13045-020-00953-8
Jacobson CA, Hunter BD, Redd R, Rodig SJ, Chen PH, Wright K, Lipschitz M, Ritz J, Kamihara Y, Armand P, et al. Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in the Non-trial setting: outcomes and correlates of response, resistance, and toxicity. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(27):3095–106.
pubmed: 32667831
pmcid: 7499617
doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.02103
Liu E, Marin D, Banerjee P, Macapinlac HA, Thompson P, Basar R, Nassif Kerbauy L, Overman B, Thall P, Kaplan M, et al. Use of CAR-Transduced Natural Killer cells in CD19-Positive lymphoid tumors. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(6):545–53.
pubmed: 32023374
pmcid: 7101242
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1910607
Nastoupil LJ, Jain MD, Feng L, Spiegel JY, Ghobadi A, Lin Y, Dahiya S, Lunning M, Lekakis L, Reagan P, et al. Standard-of-care Axicabtagene Ciloleucel for relapsed or refractory large B-Cell lymphoma: results from the US Lymphoma CAR T Consortium. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(27):3119–28.
pubmed: 32401634
pmcid: 7499611
doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.02104
Pasquini MC, Hu ZH, Curran K, Laetsch T, Locke F, Rouce R, Pulsipher MA, Phillips CL, Keating A, Frigault MJ, et al. Real-world evidence of tisagenlecleucel for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-hodgkin lymphoma. Blood Adv. 2020;4(21):5414–24.
pubmed: 33147337
pmcid: 7656920
doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003092
Sesques P, Ferrant E, Safar V, Wallet F, Tordo J, Dhomps A, Karlin L, Brisou G, Vercasson M, Hospital-Gustem C, et al. Commercial anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy for patients with relapsed/refractory aggressive B cell lymphoma in a European center. Am J Hematol. 2020;95(11):1324–33.
pubmed: 32744738
doi: 10.1002/ajh.25951
Wang W, Jiang J, Wu C. CAR-NK for tumor immunotherapy: clinical transformation and future prospects. Cancer Lett. 2020;472:175–80.
pubmed: 31790761
doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.11.033
Zhou X, Tu S, Wang C, Huang R, Deng L, Song C, Yue C, He Y, Yang J, Liang Z, et al. Phase I Trial of Fourth-Generation Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells against Relapsed or refractory B cell Non-hodgkin Lymphomas. Front Immunol. 2020;11:564099.
pubmed: 33329526
pmcid: 7731732
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.564099
Baird JH, Epstein DJ, Tamaresis JS, Ehlinger Z, Spiegel JY, Craig J, Claire GK, Frank MJ, Muffly L, Shiraz P, et al. Immune reconstitution and infectious complications following axicabtagene ciloleucel therapy for large B-cell lymphoma. Blood Adv. 2021;5(1):143–55.
pubmed: 33570626
pmcid: 7805341
doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002732
Gauthier J, Bezerra ED, Hirayama AV, Fiorenza S, Sheih A, Chou CK, Kimble EL, Pender BS, Hawkins RM, Vakil A, et al. Factors associated with outcomes after a second CD19-targeted CAR T-cell infusion for refractory B-cell malignancies. Blood. 2021;137(3):323–35.
pubmed: 32967009
pmcid: 7819764
doi: 10.1182/blood.2020006770
Iacoboni G, Villacampa G, Martinez-Cibrian N, Bailén R, Lopez Corral L, Sanchez JM, Guerreiro M, Caballero AC, Mussetti A, Sancho JM, et al. Real-world evidence of tisagenlecleucel for the treatment of relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma. Cancer Med. 2021;10(10):3214–23.
pubmed: 33932100
pmcid: 8124109
doi: 10.1002/cam4.3881
Mian A, Wei W, Winter AM, Khouri J, Jagadeesh D, Anwer F, Gerds AT, Dean RM, Sobecks R, Pohlman B, et al. Outcomes and factors impacting use of axicabtagene ciloleucel in patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma: results from an intention-to-treat analysis. Leuk Lymphoma. 2021;62(6):1344–52.
pubmed: 33375873
doi: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1864349
Shah BD, Bishop MR, Oluwole OO, Logan AC, Baer MR, Donnellan WB, O’Dwyer KM, Holmes H, Arellano ML, Ghobadi A, et al. KTE-X19 anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy in adult relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia: ZUMA-3 phase 1 results. Blood. 2021;138(1):11–22.
pubmed: 33827116
pmcid: 9999039
doi: 10.1182/blood.2020009098
Tan Y, Pan J, Deng B, Ling Z, Song W, Xu J, Duan J, Wang Z, Yu X, Chang AH, et al. Toxicity and effectiveness of CD19 CAR T therapy in children with high-burden central nervous system refractory B-ALL. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2021;70(7):1979–93.
pubmed: 33416942
pmcid: 10992445
doi: 10.1007/s00262-020-02829-9
Wang S, Wang X, Ye C, Cheng H, Shi M, Chen W, Qi K, Wang G, Wu Q, Zeng L, et al. Humanized CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells for relapsed/refractory pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Am J Hematol. 2021;96(5):E162–5.
pubmed: 33580974
doi: 10.1002/ajh.26123
Ying Z, Yang H, Guo Y, Li W, Zou D, Zhou D, Wang Z, Zhang M, Wu J, Liu H, et al. Relmacabtagene autoleucel (relma-cel) CD19 CAR-T therapy for adults with heavily pretreated relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma in China. Cancer Med. 2021;10(3):999–1011.
pubmed: 33382529
doi: 10.1002/cam4.3686
Ying Z, Huang XF, Xiang X, Liu Y, Kang X, Song Y, Guo X, Liu H, Ding N, Zhang T, et al. A safe and potent anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy. Nat Med. 2019;25(6):947–53.
pubmed: 31011207
pmcid: 7518381
doi: 10.1038/s41591-019-0421-7
Dai H, Wang Y, Lu X, Han W. Chimeric Antigen receptors modified T-Cells for Cancer Therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 2016, 108(7).
Ramos CA, Savoldo B, Torrano V, Ballard B, Zhang H, Dakhova O, Liu E, Carrum G, Kamble RT, Gee AP. Clinical responses with T lymphocytes targeting malignancy-associated κ light chains. J Clin Investig. 2016;126(7):2588–96.
pubmed: 27270177
pmcid: 4922690
doi: 10.1172/JCI86000
Ying Z, Song Y, Zhu J. Effectiveness and safety of Anti-CD19 chimeric Antigen Receptor-T cell immunotherapy in patients with Relapsed/Refractory large B-Cell lymphoma: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:834113.
pubmed: 35548364
pmcid: 9081610
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.834113
Aamir S, Anwar MY, Khalid F, Khan SI, Ali MA, Khattak ZE. Systematic review and Meta-analysis of CD19-Specific CAR-T cell therapy in Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in the Pediatric and Young Adult Population: Safety and Efficacy outcomes. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2021;21(4):e334–47.
pubmed: 33573914
doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2020.12.010
Brudno JN, Kochenderfer JN. Toxicities of chimeric antigen receptor T cells: recognition and management. Blood. 2016;127(26):3321–30.
pubmed: 27207799
pmcid: 4929924
doi: 10.1182/blood-2016-04-703751
Campos NSP, Souza BS, Silva G, Porto VA, Chalbatani GM, Lagreca G, Janji B, Suarez ER. Carbonic anhydrase IX: a renewed target for Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022, 14(6).
Li S, Zhang J, Wang M, Fu G, Li Y, Pei L, Xiong Z, Qin D, Zhang R, Tian X, et al. Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with the second generation of CD19 CAR-T containing either CD28 or 4-1BB. Br J Haematol. 2018;181(3):360–71.
pubmed: 29637550
doi: 10.1111/bjh.15195
Cappell KM, Kochenderfer JN. A comparison of chimeric antigen receptors containing CD28 versus 4-1BB costimulatory domains. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2021;18(11):715–27.
pubmed: 34230645
doi: 10.1038/s41571-021-00530-z