Investigating the 2023 MOGAD Criteria in Children and Adults With MOG-Antibody Positivity Within and Outside Attacks.

Humans Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein / immunology Child Male Female Adult Adolescent Autoantibodies / blood Young Adult Prospective Studies Immunoglobulin G / blood Child, Preschool Spain Middle Aged Encephalitis / immunology Retrospective Studies

Journal

Neurology
ISSN: 1526-632X
Titre abrégé: Neurology
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0401060

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
24 Sep 2024
Historique:
medline: 27 8 2024
pubmed: 27 8 2024
entrez: 27 8 2024
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

The 2023 criteria for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) perform well in adults but have not been assessed in children. This prospective observational nationwide study includes children and adults with demyelinating syndromes or encephalitis, whose serum or CSF was found MOG-immunoglobulin G (IgG) positive at Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (Spain). Exclusion criteria were lack of clinical information and follow-up <1 year, and serum unavailable for antibody testing. The primary outcome was to assess the accuracy of the 2023 MOGAD criteria, using as gold standard the most plausible diagnosis after a follow-up >1 year. MOGAD criteria were retrospectively applied assessing core syndromes, supportive clinical-radiological features, and MOG-IgG titers. Patients tested ≤3 months of a disease attack (acute phase) or afterward (remission) were considered separately. The positive predictive value (PPV) of the criteria (true-positive [patients classified as MOGAD and MOGAD diagnosis last follow-up] divided by total positive [all patients classified as MOGAD]), and its 95% CI, was calculated with the Wilson procedure. A total of 257 patients (133 children) were included in the study (median age 15 years [interquartile range 6-38], 54% female). Among 202 patients assessed during a disease attack, 158 (78%) had high MOG-IgG serum titers, 36 (18%) low titers, and 8 (4%) antibodies only in CSF. No differences were identified between patients with high and low titers, but those with low titers were more likely to have an alternative diagnosis at last follow-up (2/36 [6%] vs 0/158, The 2023 MOGAD criteria correctly identified most children and adults with MOGAD. The highest accuracy occurred when they were applied during disease attacks. This study provides Class IV evidence that the 2023 MOGAD criteria accurately identify adults and children with MOGAD.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVE
The 2023 criteria for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) perform well in adults but have not been assessed in children.
METHODS METHODS
This prospective observational nationwide study includes children and adults with demyelinating syndromes or encephalitis, whose serum or CSF was found MOG-immunoglobulin G (IgG) positive at Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (Spain). Exclusion criteria were lack of clinical information and follow-up <1 year, and serum unavailable for antibody testing. The primary outcome was to assess the accuracy of the 2023 MOGAD criteria, using as gold standard the most plausible diagnosis after a follow-up >1 year. MOGAD criteria were retrospectively applied assessing core syndromes, supportive clinical-radiological features, and MOG-IgG titers. Patients tested ≤3 months of a disease attack (acute phase) or afterward (remission) were considered separately. The positive predictive value (PPV) of the criteria (true-positive [patients classified as MOGAD and MOGAD diagnosis last follow-up] divided by total positive [all patients classified as MOGAD]), and its 95% CI, was calculated with the Wilson procedure.
RESULTS RESULTS
A total of 257 patients (133 children) were included in the study (median age 15 years [interquartile range 6-38], 54% female). Among 202 patients assessed during a disease attack, 158 (78%) had high MOG-IgG serum titers, 36 (18%) low titers, and 8 (4%) antibodies only in CSF. No differences were identified between patients with high and low titers, but those with low titers were more likely to have an alternative diagnosis at last follow-up (2/36 [6%] vs 0/158,
DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
The 2023 MOGAD criteria correctly identified most children and adults with MOGAD. The highest accuracy occurred when they were applied during disease attacks.
CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE METHODS
This study provides Class IV evidence that the 2023 MOGAD criteria accurately identify adults and children with MOGAD.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000209682 PMID: 39190859
pubmed: 39190859
doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000209682
doi:

Substances chimiques

Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein 0
Autoantibodies 0
Immunoglobulin G 0
MOG protein, human 0

Types de publication

Journal Article Observational Study

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

e209682

Auteurs

Elianet Fonseca (E)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-3613-3185

Gemma Olivé-Cirera (G)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-0880-4260

Eugenia Martinez-Hernandez (E)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-8317-7068

Mar Guasp (M)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-0110-5213

Laura Naranjo (L)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0001-9295-1468

Raquel Ruiz-García (R)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-8403-3613

Eva Caballero (E)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-0344-0584

Veronica González-Álvarez (V)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Veronica Delgadillo (V)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Gemma Romeu (G)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Cristina Del-Prado-Sánchez (C)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Jose Maria Cabrera-Maqueda (JM)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-6984-1209

Julián Benito-León (J)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1769-4809

Cristina Iñiguez (C)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Jose Manuel Garcia-Dominguez (JM)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Carmen Calles (C)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Antonio Cano (A)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Gary Álvarez-Bravo (G)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Ines González-Suárez (I)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Celia Oreja-Guevara (C)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-9221-5716

Marta Ros (M)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Jorge Millan-Pascual (J)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Jose E Meca-Lallana (JE)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Laura Borrega Canelo (L)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Jesús Martín-Martínez (J)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Maria Palao (M)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Julia Gracia (J)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Ramón Villaverde-González (R)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

Sara Llufriu (S)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0003-4273-9121

Yolanda Blanco (Y)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1834-0498

Albert Saiz (A)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-5793-8791

Josep Dalmau (J)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0001-5856-2813

Maria Sepulveda (M)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0002-3078-645X

Thais Armangue (T)

From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.
ORCID: 0000-0001-6192-6171
From the Neuroimmunology Program (E.F., G.O.-C., E.M.-H., M.G., E.C., J.M.C.-M., S.L., Y.B., A.S., J.D., M.S., T.A.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Pediatric Neuroimmunology Unit (E.F., V.G.-Á., V.D., T.A.), Neurology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, and Sant Joan de Déu Private Foundation for Research and Education (IRSJD) Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital (E.F.), University of Barcelona; Pediatric Neurology Department (G.O.-C.), Hospital Parc Taulí de Sabadell; Immunology Service (L.N., R.R.G.), Hospital Clinic, and Ophtalmology Service (G.R., C.d.-P.-S.), Sant Joan de Déu Children's Hospital, University of Barcelona; Department of Neurology (J.B.-L.), University Hospital "12 de Octubre"; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) (J.B.-L.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (J.B.-L.); Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (J.B.-L.), Complutense University, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.I.), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (J.M.G.D.), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid; Neurology Service (C.C.), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca; Neurology Service (A.C.), Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona; Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis of Girona (UNIEMTG) (G.Á.B.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta of Girona; Neurology Service (I.G.-S.), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid; Departament of Medicine (C.O.-G.), Medicine Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM); Neurology Service (M.R.), Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona; Multiple Sclerosis CSUR and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-P., J.E.M.-L.), Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), Clinical Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Cathedra, UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia; Neurology Service (L.B.C.), Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid; Neurology Service (J.M.-M.), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza; Neurology Service (M.P., J.G.), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete; Neurology Service (R.V.-G.), Hospital Universitario JM Morales Meseguer, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Department of Neurology (J.D.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) (J.D.), Barcelona, Spain.

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Classifications MeSH

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questionsmedicales.fr › Acides aminés, peptides et protéines › Protéines › Globulines › Sérum-globulines › Immunoglobulines › Anticorps › Isotypes des immunoglobulines › Immunoglobuline G › Investigating the 2023 MOGAD Criteria in...
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