Diffusiophoresis promotes phase separation and transport of biomolecular condensates.
Journal
Nature communications
ISSN: 2041-1723
Titre abrégé: Nat Commun
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101528555
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 Sep 2024
03 Sep 2024
Historique:
received:
14
07
2023
accepted:
16
08
2024
medline:
4
9
2024
pubmed:
4
9
2024
entrez:
3
9
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The internal microenvironment of a living cell is heterogeneous and comprises a multitude of organelles with distinct biochemistry. Amongst them are biomolecular condensates, which are membrane-less, phase-separated compartments enriched in system-specific proteins and nucleic acids. The heterogeneity of the cell engenders the presence of multiple spatiotemporal gradients in chemistry, charge, concentration, temperature, and pressure. Such thermodynamic gradients can lead to non-equilibrium driving forces for the formation and transport of biomolecular condensates. Here, we report how ion gradients impact the transport processes of biomolecular condensates on the mesoscale and biomolecules on the microscale. Utilizing a microfluidic platform, we demonstrate that the presence of ion concentration gradients can accelerate the transport of biomolecules, including nucleic acids and proteins, via diffusiophoresis. This hydrodynamic transport process allows localized enrichment of biomolecules, thereby promoting the location-specific formation of biomolecular condensates via phase separation. The ion gradients further impart directional motility of condensates, allowing them to exhibit enhanced diffusion along the gradient. Coupled with a reentrant phase behavior, the gradient-induced enhanced motility leads to a dynamical redistribution of condensates that ultimately extends their lifetime. Together, our results demonstrate diffusiophoresis as a non-equilibrium thermodynamic force that governs the formation and transport of biomolecular condensates.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39227569
doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-51840-6
pii: 10.1038/s41467-024-51840-6
doi:
Substances chimiques
Nucleic Acids
0
Proteins
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
7686Subventions
Organisme : National Science Foundation (NSF)
ID : 2223737
Organisme : National Science Foundation (NSF)
ID : 2237177
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : R35 GM138186
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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