Anti-CD20 Therapies in Drug-Naive Patients With Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: A Multicenter Real-Life Study.

Humans Female Male Middle Aged Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive / drug therapy Retrospective Studies Rituximab / therapeutic use Immunologic Factors / therapeutic use Antigens, CD20 / immunology Disease Progression Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use Registries Magnetic Resonance Imaging France / epidemiology Treatment Outcome

Journal

Neurology
ISSN: 1526-632X
Titre abrégé: Neurology
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0401060

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
22 Oct 2024
Historique:
medline: 25 9 2024
pubmed: 25 9 2024
entrez: 25 9 2024
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Although rituximab failed to demonstrate a significant effect on disability progression in primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS), ocrelizumab succeeded. Our main objective was to analyze confirmed disability progression (CDP) in a cohort of patients with PPMS treated with anti-CD20 therapies compared with a weighted untreated control cohort. This was a retrospective study using data from the French MS registry (Observatoire Français de la Sclérose En Plaques). We included patients with PPMS treated or never treated with anti-CD20 therapies from 2016 to 2021, with an Expanded Disability Status Scale score of ≤6.5 at baseline. The primary outcome was time to first CDP. The secondary outcomes were time to first relapse, MRI activity at 2 years, identification of risk factors associated with CDP, and serious infection incidence rates (IIRs). Each outcome was studied using an inverse probability of treatment weighting method. The outcomes were modeled using a weighted proportional Cox model for the time-to-event outcomes and by a logistic regression regarding the MRI activity. A total of 1,184 patients (426 treated and 758 untreated) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Median age (Q1-Q3) was 56 years (49.3-63.8), and 52.7% were female. Among treated patients, 295 received rituximab, whereas 131 received ocrelizumab. At baseline, anti-CD20-treated patients were younger (median 51.9 vs 58.6 years, Cohen Time to first CDP was not different between anti-CD20 treated and untreated patients with PPMS. Although our study is retrospective and mainly included patients treated by rituximab, our results indicate that there should be a constant evaluation of all available data to ascertain the best risk/benefit ratio for patients with PPMS. This study provides Class III evidence that anti-CD20 therapy of previously untreated patients with PPMS was not superior to no therapy in delaying time to first CDP.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVE
Although rituximab failed to demonstrate a significant effect on disability progression in primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS), ocrelizumab succeeded. Our main objective was to analyze confirmed disability progression (CDP) in a cohort of patients with PPMS treated with anti-CD20 therapies compared with a weighted untreated control cohort.
METHODS METHODS
This was a retrospective study using data from the French MS registry (Observatoire Français de la Sclérose En Plaques). We included patients with PPMS treated or never treated with anti-CD20 therapies from 2016 to 2021, with an Expanded Disability Status Scale score of ≤6.5 at baseline. The primary outcome was time to first CDP. The secondary outcomes were time to first relapse, MRI activity at 2 years, identification of risk factors associated with CDP, and serious infection incidence rates (IIRs). Each outcome was studied using an inverse probability of treatment weighting method. The outcomes were modeled using a weighted proportional Cox model for the time-to-event outcomes and by a logistic regression regarding the MRI activity.
RESULTS RESULTS
A total of 1,184 patients (426 treated and 758 untreated) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Median age (Q1-Q3) was 56 years (49.3-63.8), and 52.7% were female. Among treated patients, 295 received rituximab, whereas 131 received ocrelizumab. At baseline, anti-CD20-treated patients were younger (median 51.9 vs 58.6 years, Cohen
DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
Time to first CDP was not different between anti-CD20 treated and untreated patients with PPMS. Although our study is retrospective and mainly included patients treated by rituximab, our results indicate that there should be a constant evaluation of all available data to ascertain the best risk/benefit ratio for patients with PPMS.
CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE METHODS
This study provides Class III evidence that anti-CD20 therapy of previously untreated patients with PPMS was not superior to no therapy in delaying time to first CDP.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000209886 PMID: 39321406
pubmed: 39321406
doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000209886
doi:

Substances chimiques

ocrelizumab A10SJL62JY
Rituximab 4F4X42SYQ6
Immunologic Factors 0
Antigens, CD20 0
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized 0

Types de publication

Journal Article Multicenter Study

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

e209886

Auteurs

Marion Hay (M)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.

Fabien Rollot (F)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-5752-2331

Romain Casey (R)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-5918-9261

Anne Kerbrat (A)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.

Gilles Edan (G)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.

Guillaume Mathey (G)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-5747-9169

Pierre Labauge (P)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0001-7759-8555

Jérôme De Sèze (J)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-7197-7578

Sandra Vukusic (S)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0001-7337-7122

David-Axel Laplaud (DA)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0001-6113-6938

Caroline Papeix (C)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0003-4074-6125

Thibault Moreau (T)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0009-0001-1130-7214

Eric Thouvenot (E)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0001-8671-7747

Gilles Defer (G)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0003-1343-5858

Christine Lebrun-Frénay (C)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-3713-2416

Jonathan Ciron (J)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-3386-6308

Eric Berger (E)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-5003-9793

Bruno Stankoff (B)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.

Pierre Clavelou (P)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0003-2363-9352

Elisabeth Maillart (E)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0001-7699-0328

Olivier Heinzlef (O)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-4634-8542

Hélène Zéphir (H)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0003-4029-2012

Aurélie Ruet (A)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-0020-8739

Olivier Casez (O)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.

Solène Moulin (S)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.

Abdullatif Al-Khedr (A)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.

Bertrand Bourre (B)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2459-2480

Jean Pelletier (J)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0001-9730-7567

Laurent Magy (L)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0003-1784-2901

Jean-Philippe Neau (JP)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.

Jean-Philippe Camdessanché (JP)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-5282-6707

Inès Doghri (I)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.

Abir Wahab (A)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.

Maia Tchikviladzé (M)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.

Céline Labeyrie (C)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.

Karolina Hankiewicz (K)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-9601-5869

Emmanuelle Le Page (E)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-7849-2266

Laure Michel (L)

From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.
ORCID: 0000-0002-8119-7794
From the Neurology Department (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), Rennes University Hospital; Clinical Neuroscience Centre (M.H., A.K., G.E., E.L.P., L. Michel), CIC_P1414 INSERM, Rennes, University Hospital, Rennes University; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Université de Lyon; Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron; Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM 1028 et CNRS UMR 5292; EUGENE DEVIC EDMUS Foundation Against Multiple Sclerosis, state-approved foundation (F.R., R.C., S.V.), Bron; Department of Neurology (G.M.), Nancy University Hospital; Université de Lorraine (G.M.), Inserm, INSPIIRE, Nancy; MS Unit (P.L.), CHU de Montpellier; University of Montpellier (MUSE) (P.L.); Department of Neurology and Clinical Investigation Center (J.D.S.), CHU de Strasbourg, CIC 1434, INSERM 1434; Service de Neurologie (D.-A.L.), CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, CIC INSERM 1413; Department of Neurology (C.P.), Fondation Rotschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (T.M.), CHU de Dijon, EA4184; Department of Neurology (E.T.), Nimes University Hospital; IGF (E.T.), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; CHU de Caen (G.D.), MS Expert Centre, Department of Neurology, Normandy University, Caen; Neurology (C.L.-F.), UR2CA_URRIS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pasteur2, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice; Department of Neurology (J.C.), CHU de Toulouse, CRC-SEP; Université Toulouse III (J.C.), Infinity, INSERM UMR1291-CNRS UMR5051; Service de Neurologie (E.B.), CHU de Besançon; Sorbonne Universités (B.S.), Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Inserm UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, and Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; CHU Clermont-Ferrand (P.C.), CRC SEP Auvergne, Department of Neurology, and INSERM NeuroDol U1107; Département de Neurologie (E.M.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP; Centre de Ressources et de Compétences SEP Paris (E.M.); Departement of Neurology (O.H.), Centre de Ressource et Compétences SEP IDF Ouest, Hôpital de Poissy; CHU Lille (H.Z.), CRCSEP Lille, Univ Lille, U1172; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University Hospital of Bordeaux; Neurocentre Magendie (A.R.), Bordeaux University, INSERM U1215; Department of Neurology (O.C.), CHU Grenoble Alpes, Neurology MS Clinic Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche; Department of Neurology (S.M.), CHU de Reims, CRC-SEP; Department of Neurology (A.A.-K.), CHU d'Amiens; Departement of Neurology (B.B.), CHU de Rouen; Service de Neurologie (J.P.), Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Aix Marseille Univ; Department of Neurology (L. Magy), Hôpital Dupuytren, CHU de Limoges; Department of Neurology (J.-P.N.), Hôpital Jean Bernard, CHU La Milétrie, Poitiers; Department of Neurology (J.-P.C.), Hôpital Nord, CHU de Saint-Étienne; CRC SEP and Department of Neurology (I.D.), Hôpital Bretonneau, CHU de Tours; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil; Department of Neurology (M.T.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (C.L.), CHU Bicêtre; and Department of Neurology (K.H.), Hôpital Pierre Delafontaine, Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis, France.

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Anti-CD20 Therapies in Drug-Naive Patients...
questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adulte › Adulte d'âge moyen › Anti-CD20 Therapies in Drug-Naive Patients...
questionsmedicales.fr › États, signes et symptômes pathologiques › Processus pathologiques › Caractéristiques de la maladie › Maladie chronique › Sclérose en plaques chronique progressive › Anti-CD20 Therapies in Drug-Naive Patients...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Caractéristiques des études épidémiologiques › Études épidémiologiques › Études de cohortes › Études rétrospectives › Anti-CD20 Therapies in Drug-Naive Patients...
questionsmedicales.fr › Acides aminés, peptides et protéines › Protéines › Globulines › Sérum-globulines › Immunoglobulines › Anticorps › Anticorps monoclonaux › Anticorps monoclonaux d'origine murine › Rituximab › Anti-CD20 Therapies in Drug-Naive Patients...
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questionsmedicales.fr › Facteurs biologiques › Marqueurs biologiques › Antigènes de différenciation › Antigènes de différenciation des lymphocytes B › Antigènes CD20 › Anti-CD20 Therapies in Drug-Naive Patients...
questionsmedicales.fr › États, signes et symptômes pathologiques › Processus pathologiques › Caractéristiques de la maladie › Évolution de la maladie › Anti-CD20 Therapies in Drug-Naive Patients...
questionsmedicales.fr › Acides aminés, peptides et protéines › Protéines › Globulines › Sérum-globulines › Immunoglobulines › Anticorps › Anticorps monoclonaux › Anticorps monoclonaux humanisés › Anti-CD20 Therapies in Drug-Naive Patients...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Collecte de données › Enregistrements › Anti-CD20 Therapies in Drug-Naive Patients...
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