Impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease-causing lineages among South African children.

Humans Pneumococcal Infections / prevention & control South Africa / epidemiology Pneumococcal Vaccines / immunology Streptococcus pneumoniae / immunology Child Child, Preschool Vaccines, Conjugate / immunology Infant Serogroup Adolescent Penicillins Erythromycin / therapeutic use Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology Male Female Genome, Bacterial

Journal

Nature communications

ISSN: 2041-1723

Titre abrégé: Nat Commun

Pays: England

ID NLM: 101528555

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
27 Sep 2024

Historique:

received: 06 02 2024

accepted: 03 09 2024

medline: 28 9 2024

pubmed: 28 9 2024

entrez: 27 9 2024

Statut: epublish

Résumé

Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) due to non-vaccine serotypes after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) remains a global concern. This study used pathogen genomics to evaluate changes in invasive pneumococcal lineages before, during and after vaccine introduction in South Africa. We included genomes (N = 3104) of IPD isolates from individuals aged <18 years (2005-20), spanning four periods: pre-PCV, PCV7, early-PCV13, and late-PCV13. Significant incidence reductions occurred among vaccine-type lineages in the late-PCV13 period compared to the pre-PCV period. However, some vaccine-type lineages continued to cause invasive disease and showed increasing effective population size trends in the post-PCV era. A significant increase in lineage diversity was observed from the PCV7 period to the early-PCV13 period (Simpson's diversity index: 0.954, 95% confidence interval 0.948-0.961 vs 0.965, 0.962-0.969) supporting intervention-driven population structure perturbation. Increases in the prevalence of penicillin, erythromycin, and multidrug resistance were observed among non-vaccine serotypes in the late-PCV13 period compared to the pre-PCV period. In this work we highlight the importance of continued genomic surveillance to monitor disease-causing lineages post vaccination to support policy-making and future vaccine designs and considerations.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52459-3 PMID: 39333488

pubmed: 39333488

doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-52459-3

pii: 10.1038/s41467-024-52459-3

doi:

Substances chimiques

Pneumococcal Vaccines 0

Vaccines, Conjugate 0

Penicillins 0

Erythromycin 63937KV33D

Anti-Bacterial Agents 0

13-valent pneumococcal vaccine 0

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

Pagination

8401

Subventions

Organisme : Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation)

ID : OPP1189062

Organisme : Wellcome Trust

ID : 206194

Pays : United Kingdom

Organisme : U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH)

ID : D43TW011255

Informations de copyright

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