Bovine tuberculosis in Central Ethiopian slaughterhouses and the identification of causative mycobacteria by multiplex real-time PCR.
Bovine tuberculosis
Cattle
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
Slaughterhouse
Tuberculous-like lesions
Journal
BMC microbiology
ISSN: 1471-2180
Titre abrégé: BMC Microbiol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100966981
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 Oct 2024
09 Oct 2024
Historique:
received:
11
05
2024
accepted:
23
09
2024
medline:
9
10
2024
pubmed:
9
10
2024
entrez:
8
10
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic disease caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) that ultimately leads to the development of progressive granulomatous lesions. Although the disease is widespread, especially in crossbred cattle in Ethiopia, routine investigations and surveillance are lacking. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, associated risk factors, and species of mycobacteria causing bTB in slaughtered cattle at four slaughterhouses in Central Ethiopia. Postmortem examination of 7,640 cattle was conducted using a cross-sectional slaughterhouse survey. A total of 388 tuberculous-like lesions (TBLs) were collected from 173 animals and cultured. Six target genes were used to differentiate mycobacterial species using multiplex real-time PCR (mRT-PCR). Multivariate logistic regression analyses and related odds ratios (ORs) were used to gauge the strength of the associations between risk factors, TBL incidence and culture growth. The prevalence of TBL was 2.3% (95% CI = 2.0-2.6). Logistic regression analysis indicated an increased risk of TBL in crossbred cattle (OR = 11.8, 95% CI: 6.4, 21.2, p < 0.001). Animals slaughtered at Adama (OR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.2, 7.3, p = 0.009) or Burayu (OR = 5.8, 95% CI: 3.9, 8.9, p < 0.001) had a greater risk of TBL than those slaughtered at Sululta. There were significantly more TBL-positive lesions in the lungs and lymph nodes related to the lung (OR = 7.1; 95% CI: 2.7, 24.5, p < 0.001) and the head lymph node (OR = 5.6; 95% CI: 1.8, 21.7; p = 0.006) compared to gut associated lymph nodes. Among the 173 TBL-positive animals, 36% (95% CI = 28.8, 43.2), and among the 388 TBL-positive tissues, 24.2% (95% CI = 20, 29) were culture and mRT-PCR positive. All the culture-generated isolates were positive for M. bovis in mRT-PCR. Among them, two animals had mixed infections including one zebu cattle tested positive for both M. caprae and M. bovis, and a crossbred cow tested positive for both M. tuberculosis and M. bovis in mRT-PCR. This suggests persistent transmission within the cattle population, posing a substantial public health threat. This study revealed an eleven-fold greater risk of bTB-related lesions in crossbred cattle compared to local zebu cattle. This finding highlights the necessity for targeted interventions, continuous vigilance, and thorough carcass inspection to mitigate public health risks.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic disease caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) that ultimately leads to the development of progressive granulomatous lesions. Although the disease is widespread, especially in crossbred cattle in Ethiopia, routine investigations and surveillance are lacking. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, associated risk factors, and species of mycobacteria causing bTB in slaughtered cattle at four slaughterhouses in Central Ethiopia.
METHODS
METHODS
Postmortem examination of 7,640 cattle was conducted using a cross-sectional slaughterhouse survey. A total of 388 tuberculous-like lesions (TBLs) were collected from 173 animals and cultured. Six target genes were used to differentiate mycobacterial species using multiplex real-time PCR (mRT-PCR). Multivariate logistic regression analyses and related odds ratios (ORs) were used to gauge the strength of the associations between risk factors, TBL incidence and culture growth.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The prevalence of TBL was 2.3% (95% CI = 2.0-2.6). Logistic regression analysis indicated an increased risk of TBL in crossbred cattle (OR = 11.8, 95% CI: 6.4, 21.2, p < 0.001). Animals slaughtered at Adama (OR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.2, 7.3, p = 0.009) or Burayu (OR = 5.8, 95% CI: 3.9, 8.9, p < 0.001) had a greater risk of TBL than those slaughtered at Sululta. There were significantly more TBL-positive lesions in the lungs and lymph nodes related to the lung (OR = 7.1; 95% CI: 2.7, 24.5, p < 0.001) and the head lymph node (OR = 5.6; 95% CI: 1.8, 21.7; p = 0.006) compared to gut associated lymph nodes. Among the 173 TBL-positive animals, 36% (95% CI = 28.8, 43.2), and among the 388 TBL-positive tissues, 24.2% (95% CI = 20, 29) were culture and mRT-PCR positive. All the culture-generated isolates were positive for M. bovis in mRT-PCR. Among them, two animals had mixed infections including one zebu cattle tested positive for both M. caprae and M. bovis, and a crossbred cow tested positive for both M. tuberculosis and M. bovis in mRT-PCR. This suggests persistent transmission within the cattle population, posing a substantial public health threat.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
This study revealed an eleven-fold greater risk of bTB-related lesions in crossbred cattle compared to local zebu cattle. This finding highlights the necessity for targeted interventions, continuous vigilance, and thorough carcass inspection to mitigate public health risks.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39379812
doi: 10.1186/s12866-024-03543-7
pii: 10.1186/s12866-024-03543-7
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
394Subventions
Organisme : This research was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation under the project "Accelerating Bovine Tuberculosis Control in Developing Countries (AB TB CD)"
ID : OPP1176950
Organisme : This research was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation under the project "Accelerating Bovine Tuberculosis Control in Developing Countries (AB TB CD)"
ID : OPP1176950
Organisme : This research was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation under the project "Accelerating Bovine Tuberculosis Control in Developing Countries (AB TB CD)"
ID : OPP1176950
Organisme : This research was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation under the project "Accelerating Bovine Tuberculosis Control in Developing Countries (AB TB CD)"
ID : OPP1176950
Organisme : This research was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation under the project "Accelerating Bovine Tuberculosis Control in Developing Countries (AB TB CD)"
ID : OPP1176950
Organisme : This research was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation under the project "Accelerating Bovine Tuberculosis Control in Developing Countries (AB TB CD)"
ID : OPP1176950
Organisme : This research was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation under the project "Accelerating Bovine Tuberculosis Control in Developing Countries (AB TB CD)"
ID : OPP1176950
Organisme : This research was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation under the project "Accelerating Bovine Tuberculosis Control in Developing Countries (AB TB CD)"
ID : OPP1176950
Organisme : This research was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation under the project "Accelerating Bovine Tuberculosis Control in Developing Countries (AB TB CD)"
ID : OPP1176950
Organisme : This research was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation under the project "Accelerating Bovine Tuberculosis Control in Developing Countries (AB TB CD)"
ID : OPP1176950
Organisme : This research was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation under the project "Accelerating Bovine Tuberculosis Control in Developing Countries (AB TB CD)"
ID : OPP1176950
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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