Prenatal risk factors for child executive function at 3-5 years of age: the roles of maternal mood, substance use, and socioeconomic adversity in a prospective cohort study.
Humans
Female
Pregnancy
Executive Function
Prospective Studies
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
/ psychology
Risk Factors
Male
Child, Preschool
Memory, Short-Term
Depression
/ epidemiology
Mothers
/ psychology
Anxiety
/ epidemiology
Socioeconomic Factors
Adult
Substance-Related Disorders
/ epidemiology
Inhibition, Psychological
Alcohol Drinking
/ epidemiology
Smoking
/ epidemiology
Affect
Pregnancy Complications
/ psychology
EF touch battery
Executive function
Prenatal alcohol and tobacco exposure
Prenatal anxiety
Prenatal depression
Socioeconomic adversity
Journal
BMC pediatrics
ISSN: 1471-2431
Titre abrégé: BMC Pediatr
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100967804
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
28 Oct 2024
28 Oct 2024
Historique:
received:
30
10
2023
accepted:
26
09
2024
medline:
28
10
2024
pubmed:
28
10
2024
entrez:
28
10
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
A growing body of literature links prenatal mood and substance use to children's cognitive and behavioral development. The relative contribution of these risk factors on children's executive function (EF) in the context of socioeconomic adversities needs further evaluation. To address this gap, we investigated the role of prenatal maternal anxiety and depression on childhood EF, specifically inhibitory control and working memory, within the context of socioeconomic adversities and prenatal substance use. We hypothesized that higher maternal mood symptoms, higher persistent prenatal drinking and smoking, and lower socioeconomic status would be associated with lower EF skills during early childhood. We used data from 334 mother-child dyads followed prospectively through pregnancy and the offspring's childhood. Prenatal maternal depression and anxiety were assessed via standardized questionnaires. Prenatal alcohol and tobacco consumption were assessed via a timeline follow-back interview. The EF touch battery assessed child inhibitory control and working memory at 3-5 years of age (4.76 ± 0.58 years, 171 females). Separate linear regression models were used to estimate the association of prenatal tobacco, alcohol, anxiety, and depression exposure with our two components of child EF, inhibitory control and working memory, while adjusting for gestational age, sex, and age at assessment. The following variables were also included as covariates: maternal educational achievement, employment status, parity, and household crowding index. Children of mothers with high trait anxiety scores had reduced inhibitory control compared to children of mothers without trait anxiety or depression (β = -0.12, 95% CI:-0.22,-0.01). Children of mothers in the moderate to high continuous smoking group showed lower inhibitory control (β = - 0.19, 95% CI:-0.38,-0.01) compared to children of mothers in the none smoking group. Additionally, lower maternal education and higher household crowding were each associated with reduced inhibitory control. We found no significant association between prenatal maternal depression, anxiety, or socioeconomic factors with working memory. These results underscore the need for comprehensive context-specific intervention packages, including mental health support for women to promote healthy inhibitory control development in children.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
A growing body of literature links prenatal mood and substance use to children's cognitive and behavioral development. The relative contribution of these risk factors on children's executive function (EF) in the context of socioeconomic adversities needs further evaluation. To address this gap, we investigated the role of prenatal maternal anxiety and depression on childhood EF, specifically inhibitory control and working memory, within the context of socioeconomic adversities and prenatal substance use. We hypothesized that higher maternal mood symptoms, higher persistent prenatal drinking and smoking, and lower socioeconomic status would be associated with lower EF skills during early childhood.
METHODS
METHODS
We used data from 334 mother-child dyads followed prospectively through pregnancy and the offspring's childhood. Prenatal maternal depression and anxiety were assessed via standardized questionnaires. Prenatal alcohol and tobacco consumption were assessed via a timeline follow-back interview. The EF touch battery assessed child inhibitory control and working memory at 3-5 years of age (4.76 ± 0.58 years, 171 females). Separate linear regression models were used to estimate the association of prenatal tobacco, alcohol, anxiety, and depression exposure with our two components of child EF, inhibitory control and working memory, while adjusting for gestational age, sex, and age at assessment. The following variables were also included as covariates: maternal educational achievement, employment status, parity, and household crowding index.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Children of mothers with high trait anxiety scores had reduced inhibitory control compared to children of mothers without trait anxiety or depression (β = -0.12, 95% CI:-0.22,-0.01). Children of mothers in the moderate to high continuous smoking group showed lower inhibitory control (β = - 0.19, 95% CI:-0.38,-0.01) compared to children of mothers in the none smoking group. Additionally, lower maternal education and higher household crowding were each associated with reduced inhibitory control. We found no significant association between prenatal maternal depression, anxiety, or socioeconomic factors with working memory.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
These results underscore the need for comprehensive context-specific intervention packages, including mental health support for women to promote healthy inhibitory control development in children.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39465362
doi: 10.1186/s12887-024-05113-2
pii: 10.1186/s12887-024-05113-2
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
682Subventions
Organisme : NIH Office of the Director
ID : UH3OD023279
Organisme : NIH Office of the Director
ID : UH3OD023279
Organisme : NIH Office of the Director
ID : UH3OD023279
Organisme : NIH Office of the Director
ID : UH3OD023279
Organisme : NIH Office of the Director
ID : UH3OD023279
Organisme : NIH Office of the Director
ID : UH3OD023279
Organisme : NIH Office of the Director
ID : UH3OD023279
Organisme : NIH Office of the Director
ID : UH3OD023279
Organisme : NIH Office of the Director
ID : UH3OD023279-05S1
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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