Insights into the seasonal variation, distribution, composition and dynamics of microplastics in the Ganga River ecosystem of Varanasi City, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Aquatic ecosystem pollution
Microplastic contamination
Polymer-type distribution
Seasonal hydrological influence
Sediment and water sample analysis
Journal
Environmental monitoring and assessment
ISSN: 1573-2959
Titre abrégé: Environ Monit Assess
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 8508350
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
30 Oct 2024
30 Oct 2024
Historique:
received:
22
05
2024
accepted:
22
10
2024
medline:
30
10
2024
pubmed:
30
10
2024
entrez:
30
10
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The current study explores the seasonal dynamics of microplastic (MP) pollution in the Ganga River of Varanasi City, Uttar Pradesh, India, focusing on water and sediment samples collected during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods. The analysis shows significant variations in MP occurrence, shape dynamics, color distribution, and size composition across diverse sampling sites. During the pre-monsoon season, MP concentrations ranged from 17 to 36 particles/L in water samples and 160 to 312 particles/kg in sediment, indicating a moderate to high level of contamination. Post-monsoon sampling showed higher MP concentrations at most sites, indicating the influence of seasonal hydrological changes on MP distribution. Shifts in MP shape dynamics were observed between seasons, with films, foams, fragments, and filaments showing variable distributions. Similarly, color variations in MPs exhibited site-specific patterns, with white, brown, blue, and other colors being predominant. These findings highlight the diverse sources and compositions of MPs in the river ecosystem, highlighting the complexity of MP pollution dynamics. Polymer-type distributions further elucidated the composition of MPs, with notable contributions from polyethylene terephthalate, rayon, polyester, and polyvinyl chloride. PCA analysis revealed significant shifts in particle size and shape distribution between pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods in both water and sediment samples, with post-monsoon samples showing an increase in larger particles and filaments. These changes highlighted key factors driving the variance in microplastic contamination across different sites. The prevalence of these polymers features diverse sources of MP pollution, including textiles, packaging materials, and industrial waste. Ongoing monitoring and research are crucial to understanding its sources, distribution, and impact on river ecosystems, essential for protecting aquatic biodiversity and human health.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39476044
doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-13307-5
pii: 10.1007/s10661-024-13307-5
doi:
Substances chimiques
Microplastics
0
Water Pollutants, Chemical
0
Plastics
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1134Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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