Molecular mimicry as a mechanism of viral immune evasion and autoimmunity.
Molecular Mimicry
/ immunology
Humans
Autoimmunity
/ immunology
Immune Evasion
/ immunology
Herpesvirus 4, Human
/ immunology
Multiple Sclerosis
/ immunology
Virus Diseases
/ immunology
Autoantibodies
/ immunology
Herpesviridae
/ immunology
Cross Reactions
/ immunology
Poxviridae
/ immunology
Viruses
/ immunology
Journal
Nature communications
ISSN: 2041-1723
Titre abrégé: Nat Commun
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101528555
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
30 Oct 2024
30 Oct 2024
Historique:
received:
21
03
2024
accepted:
18
10
2024
medline:
31
10
2024
pubmed:
31
10
2024
entrez:
31
10
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Mimicry of host protein structures, or 'molecular mimicry', is a common mechanism employed by viruses to evade the host's immune system. Short linear amino acid (AA) molecular mimics can elicit cross-reactive antibodies and T cells from the host, but the prevalence of such mimics throughout the human virome has not been fully explored. Here we evaluate 134 human-infecting viruses and find significant usage of linear mimicry across the virome, particularly those in the Herpesviridae and Poxviridae families. Furthermore, host proteins related to cellular replication and inflammation, autosomes, the X chromosome, and thymic cells are enriched as viral mimicry targets. Finally, we find that short linear mimicry from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is higher in auto-antibodies found in patients with multiple sclerosis than previously appreciated. Our results thus hint that human-infecting viruses leverage mimicry in the course of their infection, and that such mimicry may contribute to autoimmunity, thereby prompting potential targets for therapies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39477943
doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-53658-8
pii: 10.1038/s41467-024-53658-8
doi:
Substances chimiques
Autoantibodies
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
9403Subventions
Organisme : U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
ID : K08 T26-1616-11
Organisme : U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
ID : R01AI104870-S1
Organisme : U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
ID : 5T32DA018926-18
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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