Comment diagnostiquer une dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

Le diagnostic repose sur l'évaluation des symptômes et l'historique d'utilisation des médicaments.

Quels tests sont utilisés pour évaluer l'usage des benzodiazépines ?

Des tests de dépistage de drogues et des évaluations psychologiques peuvent être utilisés.

Quels critères DSM sont utilisés pour le diagnostic ?

Les critères DSM-5 incluent l'usage excessif et les symptômes de sevrage.

Comment évaluer l'efficacité d'un traitement par benzodiazépines ?

L'efficacité est évaluée par la réduction des symptômes d'anxiété ou d'insomnie.

Quels signes indiquent une surdose de benzodiazépines ?

Les signes incluent confusion, somnolence excessive et difficultés respiratoires.

Quels sont les effets secondaires courants des benzodiazépines ?

Les effets secondaires incluent somnolence, vertiges et troubles de la mémoire.

Comment reconnaître une réaction allergique aux benzodiazépines ?

Les réactions allergiques peuvent se manifester par éruptions cutanées et démangeaisons.

Quels symptômes indiquent un sevrage des benzodiazépines ?

Les symptômes de sevrage incluent anxiété, insomnie et tremblements.

Les benzodiazépines provoquent-elles des troubles cognitifs ?

Oui, elles peuvent entraîner des troubles de la mémoire et de la concentration.

Quels symptômes peuvent nécessiter une consultation médicale urgente ?

Des symptômes comme confusion sévère ou difficultés respiratoires nécessitent une urgence.

Comment prévenir la dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

La prévention inclut une prescription prudente et une éducation sur les risques.

Quels conseils donner aux patients sur l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

Les patients doivent être informés des risques et de l'importance de suivre les prescriptions.

Comment surveiller l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

Les médecins doivent effectuer des suivis réguliers pour évaluer l'usage et les effets.

Quelles stratégies non médicamenteuses peuvent aider ?

Des techniques comme la méditation et l'exercice physique peuvent réduire l'anxiété.

Comment sensibiliser sur les risques des benzodiazépines ?

Des campagnes d'information et des ateliers peuvent sensibiliser le public aux risques.

Comment traiter une dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

Le traitement inclut une désintoxication supervisée et une thérapie comportementale.

Quelles alternatives existent aux benzodiazépines pour l'anxiété ?

Les alternatives incluent les antidépresseurs et les thérapies cognitivo-comportementales.

Comment réduire progressivement l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

La réduction doit être progressive, sous supervision médicale pour éviter le sevrage.

Quels médicaments peuvent aider à gérer le sevrage ?

Des médicaments comme le diazépam peuvent être utilisés pour atténuer les symptômes de sevrage.

Quelle est la durée recommandée pour l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

L'utilisation est généralement recommandée pour une courte durée, souvent moins de 4 semaines.

Quelles complications peuvent survenir avec l'usage prolongé ?

L'usage prolongé peut entraîner des troubles cognitifs et une dépendance sévère.

Comment les benzodiazépines affectent-elles la santé mentale ?

Elles peuvent aggraver des troubles mentaux comme la dépression et l'anxiété.

Quels risques sont associés à l'association avec d'autres médicaments ?

L'association avec des opioïdes ou l'alcool augmente le risque de dépression respiratoire.

Les benzodiazépines peuvent-elles provoquer des chutes chez les personnes âgées ?

Oui, elles augmentent le risque de chutes et de fractures chez les personnes âgées.

Quels effets à long terme sur la mémoire sont observés ?

L'usage prolongé peut entraîner des troubles de la mémoire et des difficultés d'apprentissage.

Quels facteurs augmentent le risque de dépendance ?

Les antécédents de troubles mentaux et l'usage prolongé augmentent le risque de dépendance.

Comment l'âge influence-t-il l'usage des benzodiazépines ?

Les personnes âgées sont plus susceptibles de subir des effets secondaires et des complications.

Quel rôle joue l'environnement social dans l'usage ?

Un environnement stressant ou un manque de soutien social peut augmenter l'usage des benzodiazépines.

Les antécédents familiaux influencent-ils l'usage ?

Oui, des antécédents familiaux de dépendance peuvent augmenter le risque d'usage problématique.

Comment les troubles de santé mentale affectent-ils l'usage ?

Les personnes avec des troubles de santé mentale sont plus susceptibles d'utiliser des benzodiazépines.

Benzodiazépines - Informations médicales vérifiées

Optimal duration of the apnea test for determining brain death: Benefit of the short-term apnea test.

2022

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272086 PMID: 35900967

The criteria for brain death determination have not been unified globally, and there is no global consensus on the apnea test, which is essential for determining brain death. Since the apnea test is a... We analyzed the results of the apnea test performed for brain death determination between August 2013 and February 2021 at a single institution in South Korea. Elevations in the partial pressure of ca... In the 1st and 2nd tests, the mean partial pressure of carbon dioxide increased by more than 20 mmHg at 3 min after the apnea test compared to before the test (P < 0.05). At 4 min in the 1st test and ... Our study proposes that a short-term apnea test protocol is valid for the preservation of organs for donation....

Apnea Arterial Pressure Brain Death Carbon Dioxide Humans +1 autres

Adherence to a "Western-type" dietary pattern is positively associated with the Apnea-Hypopnea Index in adults with obstructive sleep apnea.

09 2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.06.006 PMID: 37480783

Dietary habits have been associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that adherence to dietary patterns may be associated with Apn...

Humans Adult Apnea Cross-Sectional Studies Insulin Resistance +2 autres

Effects of hyperventilation on oxygenation, apnea breaking points, diving response, and spleen contraction during serial static apneas.

Aug 2023

DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05202-7 PMID: 37060440

Hyperventilation is considered a major risk factor for hypoxic blackout during breath-hold diving, as it delays the apnea breaking point. However, little is known about how it affects oxygenation, the... 18 volunteers with little or no experience in freediving performed two series of 5 apneas with cold facial immersion to maximal duration at 2-min intervals. In one series, apnea was preceded by normal... Apnea duration was longer after hyperventilation (133 vs 111 s). Hyperventilation reduced pre-apnea end-tidal CO... Serial apneas revealed a previously undescribed aspect of hyperventilation; a progressively increased desaturation across the series, not observed after normal breathing and could heighten the risk of...

Humans Apnea Carbon Dioxide Spleen Diving +2 autres

Methylxanthine for the prevention and treatment of apnea in preterm infants.

31 10 2023

DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD013830.pub2 PMID: 37905735

Very preterm infants often require respiratory support and are therefore exposed to an increased risk of chronic lung disease and later neurodevelopmental disability. Although methylxanthines are wide... To assess the effects of methylxanthines on the incidence of apnea, death, neurodevelopmental disability, and other longer-term outcomes in preterm infants (1) at risk for or with apnea, or (2) underg... We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, two other databases, and three trial registers (November 2022).... We included randomized trials in preterm infants, in which methylxanthines (aminophylline, caffeine, or theophylline) were compared to placebo or no treatment for any indication (i.e. prevention of ap... We used standard Cochrane methods and GRADE to assess the certainty of evidence.... We included 18 studies (2705 infants), evaluating the use of methylxanthine in preterm infants for: any indication (one study); prevention of apnea (six studies); treatment of apnea (five studies); an... Caffeine probably reduces the risk of death, major neurodevelopmental disability at 18 to 24 months, and the composite outcome DMND at 18 to 24 months. Administration of any methylxanthine to preterm ...

Infant Infant, Newborn Humans Infant, Premature Caffeine +6 autres

Doxapram for the prevention and treatment of apnea in preterm infants.

25 10 2023

DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD014145.pub2 PMID: 37877431

Apnea of prematurity is a common problem in preterm infants that may have significant consequences on their development. Methylxanthines (aminophylline, theophylline, and caffeine) are effective in th... To evaluate the benefits and harms of doxapram administration on the incidence of apnea and other short-term and longer-term clinical outcomes in preterm infants.... We used standard, extensive Cochrane search methods. The latest search date was March 2023.... We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the role of doxapram in prevention and treatment of apnea of prematurity and prevention of reintubation in preterm infants (less than 37 weeks... We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcomes were clinical apnea, need for positive pressure ventilation after initiation of treatment, failed apnea reduction after two to seven days, and f... We included eight RCTs enrolling 248 infants. Seven studies (214 participants) provided data for meta-analysis. Five studied doxapram for treatment of apnea in preterm infants. Three studied doxapram ... In treating apnea of prematurity, doxapram may slightly reduce failure in apnea reduction when compared to no treatment and there may be little to no difference in side effects against both no treatme...

Infant, Newborn Humans Doxapram Apnea Caffeine +3 autres

Apnea or cyanosis as COVID-19 initial presentation in newborns.

31 10 2023

DOI: 10.3855/jidc.17846 PMID: 37956375

The clinical manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in newborns varies from asymptomatic infection to severe illness. Apnea or cyanosis as the earliest symptoms is rarely menti... This is a descriptive observational study with retrospectively collected data. All neonates under 30 days old and preterm infants with corrected gestational age of 44 weeks who had confirmed severe ac... During the two years of the study, 410 patients were admitted to the neonatal unit. Twenty-six patients (6.3%) presented with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The main clinical characteristic at admiss... Apnea and cyanosis can be a manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in newborns, which suggests the need to include it in the diagnostic workup as other viral respiratory infections....

Humans Infant, Newborn Apnea COVID-19 Cyanosis +4 autres

Ictal apnea: A prospective monocentric study in patients with epilepsy.

12 2022

DOI: 10.1111/ene.15547 PMID: 36057450

Ictal respiratory disturbances have increasingly been reported, in both generalized and focal seizures, especially involving the temporal lobe. Recognition of ictal breathing impairment has gained imp... We collected and analyzed electroclinical data from consecutive patients undergoing long-term video-electroencephalographic (video-EEG) monitoring with cardiorespiratory polygraphy. Patients were recr... A total of 552 seizures were recorded in 63 patients. IA was observed in 57 of 552 (10.3%) seizures in 16 of 63 (25.4%) patients. Thirteen (81.2%) patients had focal seizures, and 11 of 16 patients sh... Ictal respiratory changes are a frequent clinical phenomenon, more likely to occur in focal epilepsies, although detected even in patients with epileptic encephalopathy. Our findings emphasize the nee...

Humans Apnea Prospective Studies Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy Electroencephalography +4 autres

Artifacts classification and apnea events detection in neck photoplethysmography signals.

Dec 2022

DOI: 10.1007/s11517-022-02666-1 PMID: 36245021

The novel pulse oximetry measurement site of the neck is a promising location for multi-modal physiological monitoring. Specifically, in the context of respiratory monitoring, in which it is important...

Humans Photoplethysmography Artifacts Apnea Heart Rate +3 autres

Central apnea detection in premature infants using machine learning.

Nov 2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.107155 PMID: 36215858

Apnea of prematurity is one of the most common diagnosis in neonatal intensive care units. Apneas can be classified as central, obstructive or mixed. According to the current international standards, ... Using an optimized algorithm for automated detection, all CASEs were detected in a population of 10 premature infants developing late-onset sepsis and 10 age-matched control patients. CASEs were inspe... The CA detection model based on logistic regression with elastic net penalty returned the highest mean AUROC when features extracted from all four time windows were included, both using leave-one-pati... Models based on machine learning can lead to improved CA detection with fewer false alarms....

Infant, Newborn Infant Humans Apnea Sleep Apnea, Central +3 autres

Developmental consequences of short apneas and periodic breathing in preterm infants.

11 2023

DOI: 10.1038/s41372-023-01748-8 PMID: 37558750

We investigated the relationship between respiratory events experienced before and after hospital discharge and developmental outcomes at 6 months corrected age (CA).... Preterm infants born between 28-32 weeks gestational age (GA) were studied at 32-36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA), 36-40 weeks PMA, 3- and 6-months CA. Percentage total sleep time (%TST) with respirat... %TST with respiratory events at term were significant predictors of language (R... In clinically stable very preterm infants at term equivalent age, time spent having respiratory events, was related to a reduction in language and motor outcomes at 6 months....

Infant Child Infant, Newborn Humans Infant, Premature +4 autres

Benzodiazépines : Questions médicales fréquentes

Termes MeSH sélectionnés :

Questions fréquentes et termes MeSH associés

Diagnostic 5

Symptômes 5

Prévention 5

Traitements 5

Complications 5

Facteurs de risque 5

Contenu validé par Dr Olivier Menir

Sous-catégories

Alprazolam

Benzodiazépinones

Chlordiazépoxyde

Clobazam

Clorazépate dipotassique

Estazolam

Médazépam

Midazolam

Olanzapine

Triazolam

Bromazépam

Clonazépam

Dévazépide

Diazépam

Flumazénil

Flunitrazépam

Flurazépam

Lorazépam

Nitrazépam

Oxazépam

Pirenzépine

Prazépam

Témazépam

Nordazépam

Auteurs principaux

Sources (3049 au total)