Comment diagnostiquer une dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

Le diagnostic repose sur l'évaluation des symptômes et l'historique d'utilisation des médicaments.

Quels tests sont utilisés pour évaluer l'usage des benzodiazépines ?

Des tests de dépistage de drogues et des évaluations psychologiques peuvent être utilisés.

Quels critères DSM sont utilisés pour le diagnostic ?

Les critères DSM-5 incluent l'usage excessif et les symptômes de sevrage.

Comment évaluer l'efficacité d'un traitement par benzodiazépines ?

L'efficacité est évaluée par la réduction des symptômes d'anxiété ou d'insomnie.

Quels signes indiquent une surdose de benzodiazépines ?

Les signes incluent confusion, somnolence excessive et difficultés respiratoires.

Quels sont les effets secondaires courants des benzodiazépines ?

Les effets secondaires incluent somnolence, vertiges et troubles de la mémoire.

Comment reconnaître une réaction allergique aux benzodiazépines ?

Les réactions allergiques peuvent se manifester par éruptions cutanées et démangeaisons.

Quels symptômes indiquent un sevrage des benzodiazépines ?

Les symptômes de sevrage incluent anxiété, insomnie et tremblements.

Les benzodiazépines provoquent-elles des troubles cognitifs ?

Oui, elles peuvent entraîner des troubles de la mémoire et de la concentration.

Quels symptômes peuvent nécessiter une consultation médicale urgente ?

Des symptômes comme confusion sévère ou difficultés respiratoires nécessitent une urgence.

Comment prévenir la dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

La prévention inclut une prescription prudente et une éducation sur les risques.

Quels conseils donner aux patients sur l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

Les patients doivent être informés des risques et de l'importance de suivre les prescriptions.

Comment surveiller l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

Les médecins doivent effectuer des suivis réguliers pour évaluer l'usage et les effets.

Quelles stratégies non médicamenteuses peuvent aider ?

Des techniques comme la méditation et l'exercice physique peuvent réduire l'anxiété.

Comment sensibiliser sur les risques des benzodiazépines ?

Des campagnes d'information et des ateliers peuvent sensibiliser le public aux risques.

Comment traiter une dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

Le traitement inclut une désintoxication supervisée et une thérapie comportementale.

Quelles alternatives existent aux benzodiazépines pour l'anxiété ?

Les alternatives incluent les antidépresseurs et les thérapies cognitivo-comportementales.

Comment réduire progressivement l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

La réduction doit être progressive, sous supervision médicale pour éviter le sevrage.

Quels médicaments peuvent aider à gérer le sevrage ?

Des médicaments comme le diazépam peuvent être utilisés pour atténuer les symptômes de sevrage.

Quelle est la durée recommandée pour l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

L'utilisation est généralement recommandée pour une courte durée, souvent moins de 4 semaines.

Quelles complications peuvent survenir avec l'usage prolongé ?

L'usage prolongé peut entraîner des troubles cognitifs et une dépendance sévère.

Comment les benzodiazépines affectent-elles la santé mentale ?

Elles peuvent aggraver des troubles mentaux comme la dépression et l'anxiété.

Quels risques sont associés à l'association avec d'autres médicaments ?

L'association avec des opioïdes ou l'alcool augmente le risque de dépression respiratoire.

Les benzodiazépines peuvent-elles provoquer des chutes chez les personnes âgées ?

Oui, elles augmentent le risque de chutes et de fractures chez les personnes âgées.

Quels effets à long terme sur la mémoire sont observés ?

L'usage prolongé peut entraîner des troubles de la mémoire et des difficultés d'apprentissage.

Quels facteurs augmentent le risque de dépendance ?

Les antécédents de troubles mentaux et l'usage prolongé augmentent le risque de dépendance.

Comment l'âge influence-t-il l'usage des benzodiazépines ?

Les personnes âgées sont plus susceptibles de subir des effets secondaires et des complications.

Quel rôle joue l'environnement social dans l'usage ?

Un environnement stressant ou un manque de soutien social peut augmenter l'usage des benzodiazépines.

Les antécédents familiaux influencent-ils l'usage ?

Oui, des antécédents familiaux de dépendance peuvent augmenter le risque d'usage problématique.

Comment les troubles de santé mentale affectent-ils l'usage ?

Les personnes avec des troubles de santé mentale sont plus susceptibles d'utiliser des benzodiazépines.

Benzodiazépines - Informations médicales vérifiées

Stability of Morphine Sulfate-Clonidine and Sufentanil-Clonidine Mixtures.

Aug 2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2022.07.008 PMID: 36038481

Spinal analgesia is recommended for intractable cancer pain. Morphine-clonidine and sufentanil-clonidine are often used in association in intrathecal drug delivery systems, injected by intraabdominal ... The stability study method was conceived according to the International Council for Harmonization guidelines. For polypropylene syringes, four different mixtures of morphine-clonidine and sufentanil-c... For the morphine-clonidine mixtures in polypropylene syringes, all mixtures remained stable for five days in both storage conditions (5 ± 3 °C and 25 ± 2 °C) because of relative concentrations systema... This study shows the stability of the morphine-clonidine mixtures in syringes stored at 5 °C for five days and in implantable pumps stored at 37 °C for 28 days. For the sufentanil-clonidine mixtures, ...

Humans Morphine Sufentanil Clonidine Polypropylenes +1 autres

Topical clonidine for neuropathic pain in adults.

19 05 2022

DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010967.pub3 PMID: 35587172

Clonidine is a presynaptic alpha-2-adrenergic receptor agonist that has been used for many years to treat hypertension and other conditions, including chronic pain. Adverse events associated with syst... The objective of this review was to assess the analgesic efficacy and safety of TC compared with placebo or other drugs in adults aged 18 years or above with chronic neuropathic pain.... For this update we searched the Cochrane Register of Studies Online (CRSO), MEDLINE (Ovid), and Embase (Ovid) databases, and reference lists of retrieved papers and trial registries. We also contacted... We included randomised, double-blind studies of at least two weeks' duration comparing TC versus placebo or other active treatment in adults with chronic neuropathic pain.... Two review authors independently screened references for eligibility, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. Any discrepancies were resolved by discussion or by consulting a third review author if... We included four studies in the review (two new in this update), with a total of 743 participants with painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN). TC (0.1% or 0.2%) was applied in gel form to the painful area ... This is an update of a review published in 2015, for which our conclusions remain unchanged. Topical clonidine may provide some benefit to adults with painful diabetic neuropathy; however, the evidenc...

Adult Analgesics Chronic Pain Clonidine Diabetic Neuropathies +3 autres

Reality of clonidine poisoning in children and adolescents.

06 2023

DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16399 PMID: 37036115

We aimed to describe the severity of clonidine poisonings in a paediatric population referred to a tertiary toxicology service.... We undertook a retrospective review of all presentations of clonidine poisoning in children or adolescents reported to a tertiary toxicology service from March 2014 to February 2020. Cases were divide... We identified 111 clonidine poisonings, 41 young children, 9 older children and 61 adolescents. There were more females in the adolescent group and slightly more males in the younger age groups. The m... Paediatric clonidine poisoning commonly results in bradycardia, hypotension and decreased GCS, but rarely severe or requiring major interventions. Children ingesting <5 mcg/kg do not require admission...

Male Female Child Humans Adolescent +8 autres

The Safety and Efficacy of Clonidine in Hemodialysis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

2022

DOI: 10.1159/000525424 PMID: 36075189

Clonidine is a frequently prescribed long-term antihypertensive medication in hemodialysis (HD) patients in the USA, but its safety and efficacy has not been clearly established in the HD population.... To evaluate, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the safety and efficacy of clonidine in HD patients.... Keyword search of "clonidine" and "dialysis" was conducted through April 2021 in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. Inclusion criteria were as follows ... Eight studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review, including prospective pre-post studies (2), double-blind controlled trial (1), single-blinded placebo-controlled trial (1), crossove... There is no evidence supporting the long-term use of clonidine in the HD population and a significant side-effect profile. There is low-quality evidence demonstrating the efficacy of clonidine in lowe...

Adult Humans Child Adolescent Young Adult +8 autres

Intracranial hemorrhage after a single dose of Yohimbine in a chronic user of clonidine.

12 2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2022.08.053 PMID: 36115742

Yohimbine, an alpha-2 adrenoreceptor antagonist found in a variety of supplements, has been historically used to treat libido, erectile dysfunction, xerostomia, and as a weight loss enhancement. Yohim... This case follows a 39-year-old female who presented to the emergency department (ED) with complaints of nausea, emesis, and flushing following the ingestion of a female sexual enhancement supplement ... This patient exhibited sympathetic toxicity temporally associated with yohimbine ingestion. Our patient also had a variety of risk factors that increased the likelihood of a poor outcome with yohimbin... Dietary supplements are not required by the FDA to undergo efficacy or safety testing, necessitating clear post-marketing communication regarding potential adverse events from various supplements. Use...

Adult Female Humans Blood Pressure Clonidine +3 autres

Clonidine augmentation in patients with schizophrenia: A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial.

05 2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.03.039 PMID: 36989672

Noradrenergic imbalance in the brain of schizophrenia patients may underlie both symptomatology and deficits in basic information processing. The current study investigated whether augmentation with t... In a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial, 32 chronic schizophrenia patients were randomly assigned to six-weeks augmentation with either 50 μg clonidine or placebo to their curre... Only patients treated with clonidine showed significantly reduced PANSS negative, general and total scores at follow-up compared to baseline. On average, also patients treated with placebo showed mino... Only patients treated with clonidine showed a significant decrease on two out of the three PANSS subscales, while additionally retained their levels of sensorimotor gating. Given that there are only a...

Humans Schizophrenia Clonidine Antipsychotic Agents Sensory Gating +4 autres

Noradrenaline and Movement Initiation Disorders in Parkinson's Disease: A Pharmacological Functional MRI Study with Clonidine.

25 08 2022

DOI: 10.3390/cells11172640 PMID: 36078048

Slowness of movement initiation is a cardinal motor feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) and is not fully reverted by current dopaminergic treatments. This trouble could be due to the dysfunction of ex...

Clonidine Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Movement Norepinephrine +1 autres

Clonidine for preventing emergence agitation in infants (PREVENT AGITATION II): Protocol and statistical analysis plan.

05 2023

DOI: 10.1111/aas.14212 PMID: 36762465

Emergence agitation is a common clinical condition in children. Symptoms pertaining to the spectrum of early postoperative negative behavior typically occur upon emergence from anesthesia. Clonidine i... This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. We will enroll 320 patients aged 3-12 months who have been scheduled for general anesthesia maintained with sevoflurane and opioid. The ra... The primary outcome is the incidence of emergence agitation as assessed on the Watcha scale, that is, any Watcha score >2 during participants' stay in the postanesthetic care unit. Secondary outcomes ... The PREVENT AGITATION II trial will contribute valuable knowledge on efficacy for the prevention of emergence agitation and safety in infants....

Child Humans Infant Clonidine Emergence Delirium +8 autres

Effect of propranolol and clonidine after severe traumatic brain injury: a pilot randomized clinical trial.

09 06 2023

DOI: 10.1186/s13054-023-04479-6 PMID: 37296432

To evaluate the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of combined adrenergic blockade with propranolol and clonidine in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).... Administration of adrenergic blockade after severe TBI is common. To date, no prospective trial has rigorously evaluated this common therapy for benefit.... This phase II, single-center, double-blinded, pilot randomized placebo-controlled trial included patients aged 16-64 years with severe TBI (intracranial hemorrhage and Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤ 8) wi... Dose compliance was 99%, blinding was intact, and no open-label agents were used. No treatment patient experienced dysrhythmia, myocardial infarction, or cardiac arrest. The study was stopped for futi... Despite the safety and feasibility of adrenergic blockade with propranolol and clonidine after severe TBI, the intervention did not alter the VFD outcome. Given the widespread use of these agents in T...

Humans Propranolol Clonidine Pilot Projects Treatment Outcome +2 autres

Cardiorespiratory Response to Sedative Premedication in Preschool Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Midazolam, Clonidine, and Dexmedetomidine.

06 2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2022.08.009 PMID: 36604221

Sedative premedication in children may negatively impact their cardiorespiratory status during the perioperative course, and no clear consensus exists on the optimal premedication treatment for pediat... A single-center randomized controlled trial.... This is a planned secondary analysis of a study conducted at a 200-bed tertiary referral hospital. Ninety children participated in the study. They were aged 2-6 years and scheduled for ear, nose, and ... The final cohort had 83 children (MID, n=27; CLO, n=26; DEX, n=30), with similar intergroup patient characteristics. RSS scores were lower in the MID group than in the CLO and DEX groups before induct... When used as premedication before propofol/remifentanil anesthesia, clonidine and dexmedetomidine provided deeper preoperative sedation compared to midazolam. From a clinical perspective, all three st...

Humans Child, Preschool Child Hypnotics and Sedatives Midazolam +6 autres

Benzodiazépines : Questions médicales fréquentes

Termes MeSH sélectionnés :

Questions fréquentes et termes MeSH associés

Diagnostic 5

Symptômes 5

Prévention 5

Traitements 5

Complications 5

Facteurs de risque 5

Contenu validé par Dr Olivier Menir

Sous-catégories

Alprazolam

Benzodiazépinones

Chlordiazépoxyde

Clobazam

Clorazépate dipotassique

Estazolam

Médazépam

Midazolam

Olanzapine

Triazolam

Bromazépam

Clonazépam

Dévazépide

Diazépam

Flumazénil

Flunitrazépam

Flurazépam

Lorazépam

Nitrazépam

Oxazépam

Pirenzépine

Prazépam

Témazépam

Nordazépam

Auteurs principaux

Sources (123 au total)