Comment diagnostiquer une dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

Le diagnostic repose sur l'évaluation des symptômes et l'historique d'utilisation des médicaments.

Quels tests sont utilisés pour évaluer l'usage des benzodiazépines ?

Des tests de dépistage de drogues et des évaluations psychologiques peuvent être utilisés.

Quels critères DSM sont utilisés pour le diagnostic ?

Les critères DSM-5 incluent l'usage excessif et les symptômes de sevrage.

Comment évaluer l'efficacité d'un traitement par benzodiazépines ?

L'efficacité est évaluée par la réduction des symptômes d'anxiété ou d'insomnie.

Quels signes indiquent une surdose de benzodiazépines ?

Les signes incluent confusion, somnolence excessive et difficultés respiratoires.

Quels sont les effets secondaires courants des benzodiazépines ?

Les effets secondaires incluent somnolence, vertiges et troubles de la mémoire.

Comment reconnaître une réaction allergique aux benzodiazépines ?

Les réactions allergiques peuvent se manifester par éruptions cutanées et démangeaisons.

Quels symptômes indiquent un sevrage des benzodiazépines ?

Les symptômes de sevrage incluent anxiété, insomnie et tremblements.

Les benzodiazépines provoquent-elles des troubles cognitifs ?

Oui, elles peuvent entraîner des troubles de la mémoire et de la concentration.

Quels symptômes peuvent nécessiter une consultation médicale urgente ?

Des symptômes comme confusion sévère ou difficultés respiratoires nécessitent une urgence.

Comment prévenir la dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

La prévention inclut une prescription prudente et une éducation sur les risques.

Quels conseils donner aux patients sur l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

Les patients doivent être informés des risques et de l'importance de suivre les prescriptions.

Comment surveiller l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

Les médecins doivent effectuer des suivis réguliers pour évaluer l'usage et les effets.

Quelles stratégies non médicamenteuses peuvent aider ?

Des techniques comme la méditation et l'exercice physique peuvent réduire l'anxiété.

Comment sensibiliser sur les risques des benzodiazépines ?

Des campagnes d'information et des ateliers peuvent sensibiliser le public aux risques.

Comment traiter une dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

Le traitement inclut une désintoxication supervisée et une thérapie comportementale.

Quelles alternatives existent aux benzodiazépines pour l'anxiété ?

Les alternatives incluent les antidépresseurs et les thérapies cognitivo-comportementales.

Comment réduire progressivement l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

La réduction doit être progressive, sous supervision médicale pour éviter le sevrage.

Quels médicaments peuvent aider à gérer le sevrage ?

Des médicaments comme le diazépam peuvent être utilisés pour atténuer les symptômes de sevrage.

Quelle est la durée recommandée pour l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

L'utilisation est généralement recommandée pour une courte durée, souvent moins de 4 semaines.

Quelles complications peuvent survenir avec l'usage prolongé ?

L'usage prolongé peut entraîner des troubles cognitifs et une dépendance sévère.

Comment les benzodiazépines affectent-elles la santé mentale ?

Elles peuvent aggraver des troubles mentaux comme la dépression et l'anxiété.

Quels risques sont associés à l'association avec d'autres médicaments ?

L'association avec des opioïdes ou l'alcool augmente le risque de dépression respiratoire.

Les benzodiazépines peuvent-elles provoquer des chutes chez les personnes âgées ?

Oui, elles augmentent le risque de chutes et de fractures chez les personnes âgées.

Quels effets à long terme sur la mémoire sont observés ?

L'usage prolongé peut entraîner des troubles de la mémoire et des difficultés d'apprentissage.

Quels facteurs augmentent le risque de dépendance ?

Les antécédents de troubles mentaux et l'usage prolongé augmentent le risque de dépendance.

Comment l'âge influence-t-il l'usage des benzodiazépines ?

Les personnes âgées sont plus susceptibles de subir des effets secondaires et des complications.

Quel rôle joue l'environnement social dans l'usage ?

Un environnement stressant ou un manque de soutien social peut augmenter l'usage des benzodiazépines.

Les antécédents familiaux influencent-ils l'usage ?

Oui, des antécédents familiaux de dépendance peuvent augmenter le risque d'usage problématique.

Comment les troubles de santé mentale affectent-ils l'usage ?

Les personnes avec des troubles de santé mentale sont plus susceptibles d'utiliser des benzodiazépines.

Benzodiazépines - Informations médicales vérifiées

Flicker electroretinogram in newborn infants.

12 2022

DOI: 10.1007/s10633-022-09889-5 PMID: 36199003

To develop and validate a flicker electroretinogram (ERG) protocol in term-born neonates as a potential tool for assessing preterm infants at risk of developing retinopathy of prematurity.... A custom flicker ERG protocol was developed for use with the hand-held RETeval® electrophysiology device. Feasibility of measuring flicker ERG through closed eyelids and without mydriasis was establis... 28 term-born neonates were included in the analysis. All infants tolerated the testing procedure well. Flicker ERG recording was achieved in all subjects with reproducible flicker ERG waveforms for 30... Flicker ERG recording is feasible and reliably recorded in sleeping neonates through closed eyelids using skin electrodes and without mydriasis. Flicker ERG amplitude decreases for lower luminance fli...

Infant, Newborn Infant Humans Electroretinography Mydriasis +4 autres

Positioning for lumbar puncture in newborn infants.

23 10 2023

DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD015592.pub2 PMID: 37870133

Lumbar puncture is a common invasive procedure performed in newborns for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Approximately one in two lumbar punctures fail, resulting in both short- and long-term neg... To assess the benefits and harms of the lateral decubitus, sitting, and prone positions for lumbar puncture in newborn infants.... We used standard, extensive Cochrane search methods. The latest search date was 24 January 2023.... We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs involving newborn infants of postmenstrual age up to 46 weeks and 0 days, undergoing lumbar puncture for any indication, comparing differ... We used standard Cochrane methods. We used the fixed-effect model with risk ratio (RR) and risk difference (RD) for dichotomous data and mean difference (MD) and standardized mean difference (SMD) for... We included five studies with 1476 participants. Compared to sitting position: lateral decubitus position may result in little to no difference in successful lumbar puncture procedure at the first att... When compared to sitting position, lateral decubitus position may result in little to no difference in successful lumbar puncture procedure at first attempt. None of the included studies reported the ...

Infant, Newborn Infant Humans Spinal Puncture Apnea +3 autres

[Care of newborns and infants with epidermolysis bullosa].

Nov 2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.soin.2023.09.006 PMID: 37931992

When a baby is born, the first bonds of attachment are slowly formed. Primary care, such as feeding, changing, carrying, rocking or putting the child to sleep, is very important for the development of...

Female Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Pregnancy +3 autres

Hemostasis in the Pregnant Woman, the Placenta, the Fetus, and the Newborn Infant.

Jun 2023

DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1760332 PMID: 36750218

The hemostasis system is composed of procoagulant, anticoagulant, and fibrinolytic proteins that interact with endothelial and blood cells and with each other in a complex system of checks and balance...

Female Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Pregnancy +8 autres

Outcome prediction in newborn infants: Past, present, and future.

11 2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.semperi.2022.151641 PMID: 35850743

The perinatal and neonatal periods are the periods of considerable organ development and maturation. Perinatal and neonatal illnesses can result in mortality and morbidities that burden families and t...

Aftercare Child Female Humans Infant +6 autres

Immunoreactive trypsinogen in healthy newborns and infants with cystic fibrosis.

Mar 2023

DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2021-323549 PMID: 36351789

Newborn screening (NBS) for cystic fibrosis (CF) was introduced in Switzerland in 2011 based on an immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT)-DNA-IRT protocol. CF diagnosis was confirmed by sweat test and/or ge... Retrospective study.... National NBS database.... All children with an IRT measurement by heel prick test from 2011 to 2019.... None.... IRT values were extracted from the National NBS Laboratory, and clinical characteristics of positively screened children from the CF-NBS database. Second IRT assessment in positively screened children... Among 815 899 children; 232 were diagnosed with CF, of whom 36 had meconium ileus (MI); 27 had CRMS/CFSPID. Among all samples analysed, mean IRT Z-Scores were higher for newborns with GA <33 weeks and... Measurement of a second IRT value can help distinguish between children with CRMS/CFSPID and CF, early in life....

Child Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Cystic Fibrosis +5 autres

Development of a predictive model of body fat mass for newborns and infants.

10 2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112133 PMID: 37499562

The aim of this study is to develop predictive body fat mass models, one for newborns and one for infants, using air displacement plethysmography as a reference method.... The study was carried out with 125 newborns (1-5 d of age) and 71 infants (≥3-6 mo). The stepwise method was used to estimate the final model from the predictors of sex, weight, length, triceps skinfo... The final model for newborns was - 0.76638 + 0.2512 * weight (kg) + 0.0620 * PCT (mm) + 0.0754 * gender (R² = 70%) and the final model for infants: -2.22748 + 0.4928 * weight (kg) + 0.0737 * TSF (mm) ... This work determined equations to estimate the BFM of term newborns and infants. The models can be used in clinical practice, especially in health units without access to technologies for measuring bo...

Humans Infant, Newborn Infant Aged Body Weight +5 autres

Falls of newborn infants in a New Zealand hospital: A case series.

02 2023

DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16275 PMID: 36367052

The fall of a newborn baby to the hospital floor is a devastating experience for the family and staff caring for the mother and baby. The aim of this study was to report our experience in an ethnicall... The study was a retrospective case series of all baby falls in the Counties Manukau Health (New Zealand) post-natal care wards, birthing suites and birthing units from 2015 to 2018. Information from t... There were 32 cases (rate 12.1/10 000 live births). Mothers of babies who fell were more likely to present late for antenatal care, to smoke and be obese. They were more likely to have delivered by ca... The rate of baby falls is considerably greater than previous reports. Recommendations are made to reduce this occurrence. These can be incorporated into safe sleep education....

Infant, Newborn Infant Humans Female Pregnancy +5 autres

Stem cell-based interventions for the treatment of stroke in newborn infants.

23 11 2023

DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD015582.pub2 PMID: 37994736

Perinatal stroke refers to a diverse but specific group of cerebrovascular diseases that occur between 20 weeks of fetal life and 28 days of postnatal life. Acute treatment options for perinatal strok... To evaluate the benefits and harms of stem cell-based interventions for the treatment of stroke in newborn infants compared to control (placebo or no treatment) or stem-cell based interventions of a d... We searched CENTRAL, PubMed, Embase, and three trials registries in February 2023. We planned to search the reference lists of included studies and relevant systematic reviews for studies not identifi... We attempted to include randomized controlled trials, quasi-randomized controlled trials, and cluster trials that evaluated any of the following comparisons. • Stem cell-based interventions (any type)... We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcomes were all-cause neonatal mortality, major neurodevelopmental disability, and immune rejection or any serious adverse event. Our secondary outcome... We identified no completed or ongoing randomized trials that met our inclusion criteria. We excluded three studies: two were phase 1 trials, and one included newborn infants with conditions other than... No evidence is currently available to evaluate the benefits and harms of stem cell-based interventions for treatment of stroke in newborn infants. We identified no ongoing studies. Future clinical tri...

Infant, Newborn Pregnancy Female Infant Humans +4 autres

Dexmedetomidine for analgesia and sedation in newborn infants receiving mechanical ventilation.

02 May 2024

DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012361.pub2 PMID: 38695625

Dexmedetomidine is a selective alpha-2 agonist with minimal impact on the haemodynamic profile. It is thought to be safer than morphine or stronger opioids, which are drugs currently used for analgesi... To determine the overall effectiveness and safety of dexmedetomidine for sedation and analgesia in newborn infants receiving mechanical ventilation compared with other non-opioids, opioids, or placebo... We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and two trial registries in September 2023.... We planned to include randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs evaluating the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine compared with other non-opioids, opioids, or placebo for sedation and analgesia... We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcomes were level of sedation and level of analgesia. Our secondary outcomes included days on mechanical ventilation, number of infants requiring addit... We identified no eligible studies for inclusion. We identified four ongoing studies, two of which appear to be eligible for inclusion; they will compare dexmedetomidine with fentanyl in newborn infant... Despite the increasing use of dexmedetomidine, there is insufficient evidence supporting its routine use for analgesia and sedation in newborn infants on mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, data on d...

Humans Dexmedetomidine Infant, Newborn Respiration, Artificial Hypnotics and Sedatives +5 autres

Benzodiazépines : Questions médicales fréquentes

Termes MeSH sélectionnés :

Questions fréquentes et termes MeSH associés

Diagnostic 5

Symptômes 5

Prévention 5

Traitements 5

Complications 5

Facteurs de risque 5

Contenu validé par Dr Olivier Menir

Sous-catégories

Alprazolam

Benzodiazépinones

Chlordiazépoxyde

Clobazam

Clorazépate dipotassique

Estazolam

Médazépam

Midazolam

Olanzapine

Triazolam

Bromazépam

Clonazépam

Dévazépide

Diazépam

Flumazénil

Flunitrazépam

Flurazépam

Lorazépam

Nitrazépam

Oxazépam

Pirenzépine

Prazépam

Témazépam

Nordazépam

Auteurs principaux

Sources (10000 au total)