Titre : Biguanides

Biguanides : Questions médicales fréquentes

Termes MeSH sélectionnés :

Colonic Polyps
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"acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Le test de tolérance au glucose et l'indice HOMA-IR sont couramment utilisés." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels symptômes indiquent un diabète non contrôlé ?", "position": 3, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les symptômes incluent soif excessive, urination fréquente et fatigue persistante." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment évaluer l'efficacité des biguanides ?", "position": 4, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "L'efficacité est évaluée par la réduction de la glycémie et l'amélioration de l'HbA1c." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels sont les critères de diagnostic du diabète ?", "position": 5, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les critères incluent une glycémie à jeun ≥ 7 mmol/L ou HbA1c ≥ 6,5%." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels sont les effets secondaires des biguanides ?", "position": 6, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les effets secondaires peuvent inclure des troubles gastro-intestinaux et des douleurs abdominales." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment reconnaître une hypoglycémie ?", "position": 7, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les signes incluent tremblements, sueurs, confusion et palpitations." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels symptômes peuvent indiquer une acidose lactique ?", "position": 8, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les symptômes incluent fatigue extrême, douleurs musculaires et respiration rapide." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels signes indiquent une mauvaise gestion du diabète ?", "position": 9, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les signes incluent des infections fréquentes, des plaies qui guérissent lentement et des troubles de la vision." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment les biguanides affectent-ils l'appétit ?", "position": 10, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les biguanides peuvent réduire l'appétit, contribuant ainsi à la perte de poids chez certains patients." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment prévenir le diabète de type 2 ?", "position": 11, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Un mode de vie sain, incluant une alimentation équilibrée et de l'exercice régulier, aide à prévenir le diabète." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels facteurs de risque sont modifiables ?", "position": 12, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "L'obésité, le manque d'activité physique et une alimentation déséquilibrée sont modifiables." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment le poids corporel influence-t-il le diabète ?", "position": 13, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Un excès de poids augmente la résistance à l'insuline, augmentant le risque de diabète." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quel rôle joue l'activité physique dans la prévention ?", "position": 14, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "L'activité physique régulière améliore la sensibilité à l'insuline et aide à contrôler le poids." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les contrôles médicaux réguliers sont-ils importants ?", "position": 15, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, des contrôles réguliers aident à détecter précocement le diabète et à gérer les risques." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment les biguanides agissent-ils ?", "position": 16, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Ils diminuent la production de glucose par le foie et augmentent la sensibilité à l'insuline." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels sont les principaux biguanides utilisés ?", "position": 17, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "La metformine est le biguanide le plus couramment prescrit pour le diabète de type 2." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quand commencer un traitement par biguanides ?", "position": 18, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Le traitement commence généralement après un diagnostic de diabète de type 2 et un échec des changements de mode de vie." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels sont les dosages habituels de metformine ?", "position": 19, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les doses varient de 500 mg à 2000 mg par jour, selon la tolérance et la réponse du patient." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les biguanides peuvent-ils être combinés avec d'autres médicaments ?", "position": 20, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, ils peuvent être combinés avec d'autres antidiabétiques pour un meilleur contrôle glycémique." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quelles sont les complications du diabète mal contrôlé ?", "position": 21, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les complications incluent des maladies cardiovasculaires, des neuropathies et des problèmes rénaux." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment prévenir les complications liées au diabète ?", "position": 22, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Un bon contrôle glycémique et des examens réguliers aident à prévenir les complications." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels sont les signes d'une neuropathie diabétique ?", "position": 23, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les signes incluent des picotements, des engourdissements et des douleurs dans les membres." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment le diabète affecte-t-il la santé rénale ?", "position": 24, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Le diabète peut entraîner une néphropathie, affectant la fonction rénale et provoquant des complications." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels examens sont nécessaires pour surveiller les complications ?", "position": 25, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Des examens réguliers de la fonction rénale, des pieds et des yeux sont essentiels." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels sont les principaux facteurs de risque du diabète ?", "position": 26, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les facteurs incluent l'obésité, l'âge avancé, l'hérédité et le mode de vie sédentaire." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "L'hérédité joue-t-elle un rôle dans le diabète ?", "position": 27, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, un antécédent familial de diabète augmente le risque de développer la maladie." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment le stress influence-t-il le diabète ?", "position": 28, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Le stress peut affecter la glycémie et la gestion du diabète, augmentant le risque de complications." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Le tabagisme est-il un facteur de risque ?", "position": 29, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, le tabagisme augmente le risque de diabète et de complications cardiovasculaires." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quel impact a l'alimentation sur le risque de diabète ?", "position": 30, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Une alimentation riche en sucres et en graisses saturées augmente le risque de diabète." } } ] } ] }

Sources (7665 au total)

Polyp characterization using deep learning and a publicly accessible polyp video database.

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) for computer-aided diagnosis of polyps are often trained using high-quality still images in a single chromoendoscopy imaging modality with sessile serrated lesions ... We trained a CNN with 16,832 high and moderate quality frames from 229 polyp videos (56 SSLs). It was evaluated with 222 polyp videos (36 SSLs) across two test-sets. Test-set I consists of 14,320 fram... Sensitivity for adenoma characterization was 91.6% in test-set I and 89.7% in test-set II. Specificity was 91.9% and 88.5%. Sensitivity for diminutive polyps was 89.9% and 87.5%; specificity 90.5% and... A single CNN can differentiate adenomas from SSLs and hyperplastic polyps in both NBI and NBI-NF. A publicly accessible NBI polyp video database was created and benchmarked....

Prevalence of diverse colorectal polyps and risk factors for colorectal carcinoma in situ and neoplastic polyps.

Most colorectal cancers originate from precancerous polyps. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of colorectal polyps with diverse pathological morphologies and to explore the risk factors for... Inpatients admitted from January 2018 to May 2023 were screened through the hospital information system. Polyps were classified according to pathological morphology. The prevalence of polyps was descr... In total, 2329 individuals with 3550 polyps were recruited. Among all patients, 76.99% had neoplastic polyps and 44.31% had advanced adenomas. Tubular adenoma had the highest prevalence at 60.15%, and... More than 3/4 of colorectal polyp patients have neoplastic polyps. Patients are more inclined to develop CCS and neoplastic polyps if they have large polyps (> 1.0 cm) or multifocal polyps. The levels...

Colorectal polyp outcomes after participation in the seAFOod polyp prevention trial: Evidence of rebound elevated colorectal polyp risk after short-term aspirin use.

The seAFOod polyp prevention trial was a randomised, placebo-controlled, 2 × 2 factorial trial of aspirin 300 mg and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) 2000 mg daily in individuals who had a screening colono... To investigate colorectal polyp risk according to the original trial treatment allocation, up to 6 years after trial participation.... All seAFOod trial participants were scheduled for further BCSP surveillance and provided informed consent for the collection of colonoscopy outcomes. We linked BCSP colonoscopy data to trial outcomes ... In total, 507 individuals underwent one or more colonoscopies after trial participation. Individuals grouped by treatment allocation were well matched for clinical characteristics, follow-up duration ... Individuals who received aspirin in the seAFOod trial demonstrated increased colorectal polyp risk during post-trial surveillance. Rebound elevated neoplastic risk after short-term aspirin use has imp...

G-EYE Improves Polyp, Adenoma, and Serrated Polyp Detection Rates in Colonoscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Colonoscopy is the gold-standard test to decrease mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC). G-EYE is an inflated balloon on the bending section of the scope with the ability to flatten the folds to impr... A literature search was performed through March 21, 2023, on databases including Embase, Medline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science Core Collection, KCI-Korean Journal Ind... The search strategy yielded a total of 143 articles. Three studies with 3868 total colonoscopies were finalized. The pooled ADR, PDR, and SPDR showed statistical improvement with G-EYE (OR: 1.744, 95%... This meta-analysis suggests that G-EYE can improve ADR, PDR, and SPDR. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of G-EYE on interval CRC and mortality rate....

Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with colorectal adenomatous polyps and non-adenomatous polyps: a cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to investigate the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and both colorectal adenomatous polyps and non-adenomatous polyps, in order to provide evidence for th... A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Jiangsu, China. The study included 3028 adults who underwent abdominal ultrasonography and colonoscopy o... A total of 65% of patients with NAFLD had colorectal polys (52% adenomatous polyps and 13% non-adenomatous polyps), and 40% of patients without NAFLD had polyps (29% adenomatous polyps and 11% non-ade... NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of colorectal adenomatous polyps compared to the absence of polyps, but not associated with an increased risk of non-adenomatous polyps. These results provid...

Associations of Polyp Characteristics in Children and Adolescents Presenting with Less Than Five Colorectal Polyps: A Full Colonoscopy Is Still Required.

A full colonoscopy is currently required in children and adolescents with colorectal polyps, because of their potential of neoplastic transformation and complications such as intussusception. We aimed... Pediatric patients <18 years of age who had undergone a colonoscopic polypectomy and those with <5 colorectal polyps were included in this multicenter, retrospective study. Baseline clinicodemographic... A total of 91 patients were included. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that polyp size was the only factor associated with the presence of any polyps located proximal to the splenic fl... In children and adolescents presenting with <5 colorectal polyps, polyp size and the presence of any adenomatous polyp were positively associated with polyp location proximal to the splenic flexure. T...

Association of gallbladder diseases with risk of gastrointestinal polyps.

It has not yet been determined whether gastroscopy and colonoscopy screening help patients with gallbladder diseases. We aim to retrospectively investigate the relationship between gallbladder disease... This is a retrospective cross-sectional study involving 1662 patients who underwent gastroscopy, colonoscopy, and abdominal ultrasound as part of their health check-up from January 2015 to July 2020. ... Patients with gallbladder polyps had greater odds of having colorectal polyps (adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.77, 95% confidence interval [Cl]: 1.23 to 2.54, p=0.002) and gastric plus colorectal polyps (a... Gallbladder polyps are significant indicators of colorectal and gastric plus colorectal polyps. Hence, gastroscopy and colonoscopy screening should be performed for patients with gallbladder polyps, p...