Études transversales : Questions médicales fréquentes
Nom anglais: Cross-Sectional Studies
Descriptor UI:D003430
Tree Number:N06.850.520.450.500.875
Termes MeSH sélectionnés :
Practice Patterns, Physicians'
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"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment les études transversales aident-elles au diagnostic ?",
"position": 1,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elles permettent d'évaluer la prévalence des maladies et d'identifier des associations."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Peut-on établir un diagnostic définitif avec une étude transversale ?",
"position": 2,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Non, elles fournissent des données descriptives mais ne permettent pas de causalité."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quel type de données recueille une étude transversale ?",
"position": 3,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des données sur la santé, les comportements et les caractéristiques démographiques."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les études transversales peuvent-elles identifier des biomarqueurs ?",
"position": 4,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elles peuvent suggérer des biomarqueurs associés à des conditions, mais pas prouver leur causalité."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quel est l'avantage principal des études transversales pour le diagnostic ?",
"position": 5,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elles permettent une évaluation rapide et peu coûteuse de la santé d'une population."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les études transversales identifient-elles des symptômes ?",
"position": 6,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, elles peuvent décrire la prévalence des symptômes dans une population donnée."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Peut-on relier des symptômes à des facteurs de risque via ces études ?",
"position": 7,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elles peuvent montrer des associations, mais ne prouvent pas de relations causales."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment les symptômes sont-ils mesurés dans ces études ?",
"position": 8,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Par des questionnaires, des entretiens ou des examens cliniques standardisés."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les études transversales peuvent-elles révéler des symptômes rares ?",
"position": 9,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elles sont moins efficaces pour les symptômes rares en raison de la taille de l'échantillon."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les symptômes peuvent-ils varier selon les groupes d'âge dans ces études ?",
"position": 10,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, les études peuvent montrer des variations de symptômes selon les tranches d'âge."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les études transversales aident-elles à identifier des stratégies de prévention ?",
"position": 11,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elles peuvent suggérer des facteurs de risque à cibler pour des interventions préventives."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Peut-on évaluer l'impact des programmes de prévention avec ces études ?",
"position": 12,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Non, elles ne mesurent que la prévalence avant l'implémentation des programmes."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment les comportements préventifs sont-ils mesurés ?",
"position": 13,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Par des questionnaires sur les habitudes de vie et les comportements de santé."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les études transversales peuvent-elles identifier des populations à risque ?",
"position": 14,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, elles peuvent révéler des groupes à risque élevé pour cibler les efforts de prévention."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les résultats des études transversales influencent-ils les politiques de santé publique ?",
"position": 15,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, elles fournissent des données essentielles pour orienter les politiques de santé publique."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les études transversales évaluent-elles l'efficacité des traitements ?",
"position": 16,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Non, elles ne mesurent que la prévalence des traitements, pas leur efficacité."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Peut-on observer des tendances de traitement dans ces études ?",
"position": 17,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, elles peuvent montrer des tendances dans l'utilisation des traitements au sein d'une population."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les études transversales peuvent-elles influencer les pratiques de traitement ?",
"position": 18,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elles peuvent fournir des données qui orientent les décisions cliniques et les politiques de santé."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment les traitements sont-ils documentés dans ces études ?",
"position": 19,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Par des enquêtes sur les antécédents médicaux et les traitements en cours des participants."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les études transversales peuvent-elles révéler des inégalités dans l'accès aux traitements ?",
"position": 20,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, elles peuvent mettre en lumière des disparités dans l'accès aux soins et aux traitements."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les études transversales peuvent-elles identifier des complications associées ?",
"position": 21,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elles peuvent montrer des associations entre maladies et complications, mais pas de causalité."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment les complications sont-elles documentées dans ces études ?",
"position": 22,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Par des rapports de cas, des questionnaires et des examens cliniques des participants."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Peut-on évaluer la gravité des complications avec ces études ?",
"position": 23,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Non, elles ne mesurent que la prévalence, pas la gravité ou l'évolution des complications."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les études transversales peuvent-elles révéler des complications rares ?",
"position": 24,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elles sont moins efficaces pour identifier des complications rares en raison de la taille de l'échantillon."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les complications peuvent-elles varier selon les groupes démographiques ?",
"position": 25,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, les études peuvent montrer des variations de complications selon l'âge, le sexe, etc."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les études transversales identifient-elles des facteurs de risque ?",
"position": 26,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, elles peuvent révéler des associations entre facteurs de risque et maladies."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Peut-on établir une causalité avec des études transversales ?",
"position": 27,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Non, elles montrent des associations mais ne peuvent pas prouver la causalité."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment les facteurs de risque sont-ils mesurés ?",
"position": 28,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Par des questionnaires, des entretiens et des données cliniques des participants."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les études transversales peuvent-elles révéler des facteurs de risque émergents ?",
"position": 29,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, elles peuvent identifier de nouveaux facteurs de risque à étudier plus en profondeur."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les facteurs de risque varient-ils selon les populations étudiées ?",
"position": 30,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, les études peuvent montrer des variations de facteurs de risque selon les groupes."
}
}
]
}
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In settings where the private sector constitutes a larger part of the health system, profit-gathering can take primacy over patients' well-being. In their interactions with pharmaceutical companies, p...
This study is a randomised controlled trial to assess the impact of a multifaceted intervention on GPs' medical practice. The study sample consists of 419 registered GPs who own/work in private clinic...
Ethics approval has been obtained from the Pakistan National Bioethics Committee (# 4-87/NBC-582/21/1364), the Aga Khan University (# 2020-4759-1129) and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medi...
ISRCTN12294839....
Modified barium swallow study (MBSS) is a videofluoroscopic evaluation of oropharyngeal swallowing. Views of esophageal bolus flow during MBSS are permitted under speech-language pathology practice gu...
A web-based survey (Qualtrics XM) consisting of 26 questions was distributed via web posting and e-mail to members of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Special Interest Group 13 and Dys...
A total of 321 individuals participated; 265 responses were used for analysis. Ninety-three percent of respondents viewed the esophagus during the MBSS. Twelve percent followed to the proximal esophag...
Speech-language pathology respondents in this study visualize contrast flow through the esophagus and are enthusiastic about expanding the standard MBSS. However, results of the survey demonstrate a l...
Risk evaluation of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the cornerstone of primary prevention. The cardiovascular risk assessment can guide the decision-making on various preventive ...
A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2020 and January 2021. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 350 physicians (GPs, residents, specialists, and consultants). Two tr...
A total of 270 physicians filled the questionnaire out of 350 physicians approached, with 14 being excluded due to high missing data, giving a final response rate of 73%. Participants had suboptimal k...
Physicians had overall low knowledge, suboptimal practices, and a high positive attitude toward cardiovascular risk assessment. Therefore, physicians' training and continuing medical education regardi...
Antibiotic overuse is one of the main drivers of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), especially in low-income and middle-income countries. This study aimed to understand the perceptions and views towards ...
Cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire-based survey, with descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to identify distinct underlying constructs in the dataset, and multivariab...
Six public and private acute-care hospitals in Jakarta in 2019....
1007 of 1896 (53.1% response rate) antibiotic prescribing physicians....
Physicians acknowledged the significance of AMR and contributing factors, rational antibiotic prescribing, and purpose and usefulness of AMS. However, this conflicted with reported suboptimal local ho...
AMS implementation in Indonesian hospitals is challenged by institutional, contextual and diagnostic vulnerabilities, resulting in externalising AMR instead of recognising it as a local problem. Appro...
India has a high burden of stroke, but there are limited data available on the characteristics of patients presenting with stroke in India....
We aimed to document the clinical characteristics, practice patterns, and outcomes of patients presenting with acute stroke to Indian hospitals....
A prospective registry study of patients admitted with acute clinical stroke was conducted in 62 centers across different regions in India between 2009 and 2013....
Of the 10,329 patients included in the prescribed registry, 71.4% had ischemic stroke, 25.2% had intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and 3.4% had an undetermined stroke subtype. Mean age was 60 years (SD ...
In the INSPIRE (In Hospital Prospective Stroke Registry) study, one-in-five patients with acute stroke was under 50 years of age, and one-quarter of stroke was ICH. There was a low provision of thromb...
Informally trained health care providers, such as village doctors in Bangladesh, are crucial in providing health care services to the rural poor in low- and middle-income countries. Despite being one ...
Using a 'snowball' sampling method, we identified and mapped 411 village doctors, with 371 agreeing to complete a structured survey....
The median distance between a residential household and the closest village doctor practice was 0.37 km, and over half of the practices (51.2%) were within 100 m of the major highway. Village doctors ...
The findings provide insights into the characteristics and practices of village doctors and point to the potential for internet and phone-based interventions to improve patient care and reduce inappro...
To assess primary care practitioners' (PCPs) familiarity with American Academy of Ophthalmology Preferred Practice Pattern (PPP) guidelines on the frequency of comprehensive eye examinations (CEEs), a...
Cross-sectional study....
Between February 1, 2019, and June 25, 2019, an anonymous survey was emailed to clinicians holding an MD, DO, PA, or NP degree, and residents at Brigham and Women's Hospital and the University of Okla...
Regarding patient counseling on CEEs, 15.4% of PCPs reported "always," 48.1% "usually," and 36.5% "seldom" or "never" doing so. Few PCPs (11.1%) reported being able to describe the guidelines, and 63....
PCPs' awareness of and familiarity with AAO CEE guidelines is variable and improves with provider age and experience. Efforts to improve PCP guideline awareness may be especially well suited to reside...
In Japan, as elsewhere, physicians meet with and receive gifts from pharmaceutical representatives (PRs). This study aimed to clarify the Japanese public perceptions of physicians' relationships with ...
A cross-sectional, self-administered, anonymous, internet-panel survey was conducted involving 1,000 participants from the general public. The survey implementation was contracted to Cross Marketing I...
The mean age of the 1000 participants was 44.8 years (standard deviation 18.3). Forty-eight percent were female. Many of our participants were unaware of certain physician-PR relationships. The public...
Our survey provided insights into Japanese public perceptions of physician-pharmaceutical industry relationships and their impact on trust in physicians. Physicians should be aware of these perception...
Understanding how physicians' practice patterns change over a career is important for workforce and medical education planning. This study examined trends in self-reported practice activity among earl...
Data on early career FPs came from the American Board of Family Medicine's National Graduate Survey (NGS) and on later career FPs from its Continuous Certification Questionnaire (CCQ). Both cohorts co...
Our sample included 8,492 NGS and 30,491 CCQ FPs. In both groups, the vast majority provided outpatient continuity of care (77% to 81%). Approximately 25% of NGS had a mixed practice compared with app...
Although early-career FPs more frequently reported providing both inpatient and outpatient care and serving as hospitalists compared with later-career FPs, both groups had a decline in frequency of pr...
Physician characteristics such as education and sociodemographic attributes are associated with particular practice patterns, such as practice in rural settings. Understanding the Canadian context of ...
The objective of this scoping review was to report the nature and extent of the literature on associations between characteristics of physicians in Canada and physicians' practice patterns. Eligibilit...
We searched five electronic databases (MEDLINE (R) ALL, Embase, ERIC, Education Source and Scopus) for quantitative primary studies and reviewed reference lists of included studies for additional stud...
Our search yielded 80 studies. Sixty-two examined education, evenly divided between undergraduate and postgraduate. Fifty-eight examined physicians' attributes, most focusing on sex/gender. The majori...
Many studies in our review found positive associations between (i) rural training or rural background and rural practice setting and (ii) location of training or physicians' origin and practice in tha...
