Comment diagnostiquer une infection virale ?

Le diagnostic repose sur des tests virologiques, des analyses sanguines et des symptômes cliniques.

Quels tests sont utilisés pour les vaccins antiviraux ?

Des tests sérologiques et des cultures virales sont souvent utilisés pour évaluer l'immunité.

Les symptômes indiquent-ils un besoin de vaccin ?

Des symptômes comme la fièvre ou la fatigue peuvent indiquer une infection nécessitant un vaccin.

Comment évaluer l'efficacité d'un vaccin ?

L'efficacité est évaluée par des études cliniques et des taux d'infection dans la population vaccinée.

Les tests de dépistage sont-ils nécessaires avant vaccination ?

Des tests peuvent être recommandés pour certaines populations à risque avant la vaccination.

Quels symptômes nécessitent un vaccin antiviral ?

Des symptômes comme la toux, la fièvre ou des douleurs musculaires peuvent indiquer un besoin.

Les effets secondaires des vaccins sont-ils fréquents ?

Les effets secondaires comme la douleur au site d'injection sont courants mais généralement légers.

Comment distinguer une infection d'un effet secondaire ?

Les infections présentent des symptômes persistants, tandis que les effets secondaires sont temporaires.

Les symptômes varient-ils selon le type de vaccin ?

Oui, les symptômes peuvent varier selon le type de vaccin et la réponse immunitaire individuelle.

Les symptômes d'une infection virale sont-ils similaires ?

Oui, de nombreuses infections virales partagent des symptômes comme la fièvre et la fatigue.

Comment les vaccins antiviraux préviennent-ils les infections ?

Ils stimulent le système immunitaire à reconnaître et combattre les virus spécifiques.

À quel âge doit-on commencer la vaccination antivirale ?

L'âge de vaccination dépend du vaccin, mais beaucoup commencent dès l'enfance.

Les vaccins antiviraux sont-ils sûrs pour les femmes enceintes ?

Certains vaccins sont sûrs pendant la grossesse, mais il est essentiel de consulter un médecin.

Les vaccins protègent-ils contre toutes les souches virales ?

Non, les vaccins ciblent des souches spécifiques, et des mises à jour peuvent être nécessaires.

Quelle est l'importance de la vaccination de masse ?

La vaccination de masse aide à atteindre l'immunité collective et à réduire la propagation des virus.

Les vaccins antiviraux sont-ils des traitements ?

Non, les vaccins préviennent les infections, tandis que les traitements ciblent les infections existantes.

Quels traitements sont disponibles après infection ?

Des antiviraux comme l'oseltamivir peuvent être prescrits pour traiter certaines infections virales.

Les vaccins peuvent-ils réduire la gravité des symptômes ?

Oui, les vaccins peuvent atténuer la gravité des symptômes en cas d'infection post-vaccination.

Les traitements sont-ils nécessaires après vaccination ?

Pas nécessairement, mais des traitements peuvent être requis si une infection survient malgré la vaccination.

Les vaccins antiviraux nécessitent-ils des traitements préventifs ?

Non, les vaccins sont une mesure préventive, mais des traitements peuvent être nécessaires en cas d'exposition.

Quelles complications peuvent survenir après vaccination ?

Des complications rares incluent des réactions allergiques sévères ou des syndromes neurologiques.

Les complications sont-elles fréquentes ?

Non, la plupart des complications sont rares et les bénéfices de la vaccination l'emportent sur les risques.

Comment gérer les complications post-vaccinales ?

Consulter un professionnel de santé pour évaluer et traiter les complications éventuelles.

Les complications varient-elles selon le vaccin ?

Oui, chaque vaccin peut avoir des profils de complications différents selon sa composition.

Les complications peuvent-elles affecter l'immunité ?

Certaines complications peuvent temporairement affecter la réponse immunitaire, mais cela est rare.

Quels sont les facteurs de risque pour les infections virales ?

Les facteurs incluent l'âge, les maladies chroniques, et l'immunodépression.

Les antécédents médicaux influencent-ils la vaccination ?

Oui, des antécédents de réactions allergiques ou de maladies peuvent influencer le choix du vaccin.

Les voyages augmentent-ils le risque d'infection ?

Oui, voyager dans des zones à risque peut augmenter l'exposition à des virus spécifiques.

Les personnes âgées ont-elles plus de risques ?

Oui, les personnes âgées sont plus susceptibles de développer des complications graves liées aux infections.

Le mode de vie influence-t-il le risque d'infection ?

Oui, un mode de vie sain, incluant une bonne nutrition et de l'exercice, peut réduire le risque.

Vaccins antiviraux - Informations médicales vérifiées

Budget impact analysis of biosimilar natalizumab in the US.

01 Jul 2024

DOI: 10.37765/ajmc.2024.89558 PMID: 38995822

Biosimilars provide an opportunity for a more sustainable and cost-effective treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). This study evaluated the potential financial impact of implementing a formulary chan... The budget impact of transitioning to biosimilar NTZ for the treatment of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) was estimated over a 3-year time horizon based on real-world dosing. Additional scenario analyse... The target population was estimated from a 1-million-member hypothetical commercial health plan. Model inputs were drug acquisition costs and treatment-related and patient coinsurance costs. Budget im... Over 3 years, 255 patients were estimated to be treated with high-efficacy disease-modifying therapies for RRMS. The inclusion of biosimilar NTZ onto a formulary would result in cumulative cost saving... Adoption of biosimilar NTZ can yield considerable cost savings to US health plans that could result in increased treatment access for patients with RRMS....

Humans Natalizumab United States Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals Budgets +5 autres

Natalizumab extended-interval dosing in a real-life setting.

15 07 2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.120689 PMID: 37210938

Natalizumab is a high-efficacy therapy for recurrent multiple sclerosis (RMS) with a four-week administration interval. Controlled trials have shown that extending this interval to six weeks led to be... This monocentric retrospective self-controlled study included adult patients with RMS treated with natalizumab with a four-week interval between infusions for a minimum of six months, before switching... Fifty-seven patients were included in the analysis. The mean (95%CI) annualized relapse rate (AAR) before natalizumab introduction was 1.03 (0.52; 1.55). During the four-week interval dosing period, n... We did not observe more relapses or signs of MRI activity when extending the interval between natalizumab infusions from four to six weeks....

Adult Humans Immunologic Factors Magnetic Resonance Imaging Multiple Sclerosis +3 autres

Fingerprick blood samples to measure serum natalizumab concentrations.

Mar 2023

DOI: 10.1177/13524585221136448 PMID: 36448735

Natalizumab via subcutaneous administration was recently approved for patients with multiple sclerosis.... In light of personalized extended dosing, in which treatment intervals are prolonged to a concentration cut-off, it would be preferable to measure natalizumab drug concentrations in capillary blood.... In this cross-sectional study in patients treated with intravenous (IV) natalizumab, capillary blood samples by fingerprick and venous blood samples were collected in 30 participants prior to IV admin... Natalizumab concentrations were similar with a mean bias of -0.36 μg/mL (95% CI: 1.3 to -2 μg/mL).... This study shows that physicians can monitor natalizumab drug concentrations by a fingerprick, which could be used for personalized extended dosing....

Humans Natalizumab Cross-Sectional Studies Multiple Sclerosis Risk Factors +3 autres

Use of natalizumab in persons with multiple sclerosis: 2022 update.

Sep 2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103995 PMID: 35810718

Natalizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody used for treatment of highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). With more than 15 years of post-marketing experience with natalizumab in... A group of neurologists from various MS clinics across Canada met in September 2021 to update the 2015 Canadian practice recommendations for the use of natalizumab in persons with MS (PwMS).... The recommendations focused on the long-term efficacy and safety data from real-world studies, patient selection according to JCV index criteria, risk management strategies for PML (including extended... The recommendations of clinical neurologists seek to optimize the management of PwMS who may benefit from treatment with natalizumab....

Canada Humans Immunologic Factors JC Virus Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal +3 autres

Comparative effectiveness of natalizumab on cognition in multiple sclerosis: A cohort study.

04 2023

DOI: 10.1177/13524585231153992 PMID: 36789885

Cognitive impairment occurs in 40%-70% of persons with multiple sclerosis (MS).... To examine the effectiveness of natalizumab compared with other disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) on improving cognition as measured by the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT).... Data were collected as part of Swedish nationwide phase IV surveillance studies (2007-2020). An increase in SDMT score by ⩾10% of the difference between maximum score possible (110) and the baseline v... We included 2100 persons with relapsing-remitting MS treated with natalizumab and 2622 persons treated with other DMTs. At 6 months, 45% reached improvement. The natalizumab group showed largest odds ... Treatment with natalizumab or other monoclonal antibodies is associated with a significantly faster likelihood of cognitive improvement than platform or oral DMTs....

Humans Antibodies, Monoclonal Cognition Cohort Studies Immunologic Factors +3 autres

Evaluation of risk management in a natalizumab home infusion procedure.

Oct 2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.01.727 PMID: 37202259

Natalizumab is a well-established disease-modifying therapy used in active multiple sclerosis (MS). The most serious adverse event is progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. For safety reasons, ho...

Humans Natalizumab Immunologic Factors COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 +5 autres

Benefits of early treatment with natalizumab: a real-world study.

Dec 2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.104216 PMID: 36288658

The impact of early versus later high-efficacy disease-modifying therapy (DMT) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is uncertain. This study reported the association of early versus later natalizu... The study included 661 participants diagnosed with MS in 1994 or later from 7 US centers participating in the MS Partners Advancing Technology for Health Solutions (MS PATHS) network. Time to natalizu... TTNT varied from 0.1 to 19.8 years (median [interquartile range] 4.2 [1.8, 9.0] years). A significant association between later natalizumab use and worse outcomes was demonstrated for walking speed (p... Later initiation of natalizumab was associated with worse clinical and radiologic imaging outcomes. Thus, high-efficacy DMT may have greater benefit when started earlier in MS patients. These results ...

Humans Natalizumab Multiple Sclerosis Atrophy Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting

Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and Natalizumab Serum Concentration as Potential Biomarkers for Pharmacodynamics and Treatment Response of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Natalizumab.

10 2022

DOI: 10.1007/s40263-022-00953-x PMID: 36173556

Natalizumab (NTZ) is an established treatment for highly active, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. In the context of rare progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and extended interval dosing ... In a retrospective study at the Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria, we identified patients treated with NTZ and chose samples longitudinally collected during routine follow-ups for the measureme... One hundred and thirty-seven patients were included. We found a strong negative correlation between NTZ SC and sVCAM-1. Both showed significant associations with body mass index, infusion interval, sa... Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 is a suitable pharmacodynamic marker during treatment with NTZ, which is significantly reduced already after the first dose, remains stable in individual pati...

Biomarkers Humans Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting Natalizumab Nitro Compounds +3 autres

Natalizumab-immunogenicity evaluation in patients with infusion related events or disease exacerbations.

2023

DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1242508 PMID: 37675113

Natalizumab is a biologic drug for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis that may induce the generation of anti-drug antibodies in some patients. Anti-natalizumab antibodies (ANA) increase the risk o... Retrospective observational study including MS patients treated with natalizumab that experienced infusion-related events (IRE) or disease exacerbations (DE). ANA were tested by Elisa including a scre... A total of 1251 MS patients were included and 153 (12.3%) had ANA with at least one single point determination, which were more frequent among patients with IRE compared to those with DE (21,6% vs.10.... Real-world evidence shows that the presence of ANA is behind an important percentage of patients treated with natalizumab that experience IRE, as well as DE but in a lower degree. These findings suppo...

Humans Antibodies Biological Assay Biological Products Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay +2 autres

High levels of endothelial ICAM-1 prohibit natalizumab mediated abrogation of CD4

23 May 2023

DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02797-8 PMID: 37221552

The humanized anti-α4 integrin blocking antibody natalizumab (NTZ) is an effective treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) that is associated with the risk of progressive multifoca... Here we aimed to identify the minimal NTZ concentration required to inhibit the arrest of human effector/memory CD4... Making use of three different human in vitro BBB models and in vitro live-cell imaging we observed that NTZ mediated inhibition of α4-integrins failed to abrogate T cell arrest to the inflamed BBB und... Taken together, our in vitro observations show that high levels of endothelial ICAM-1 abrogate NTZ mediated inhibition of T cell interaction with the BBB. EID of NTZ in MS patients may thus require co...

Humans Natalizumab T-Lymphocytes Blood-Brain Barrier Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 +2 autres

Vaccins antiviraux : Questions médicales fréquentes

Termes MeSH sélectionnés :

Questions fréquentes et termes MeSH associés

Diagnostic 5

Symptômes 5

Prévention 5

Traitements 5

Complications 5

Facteurs de risque 5

Contenu validé par Dr Olivier Menir

Sous-catégories

Vaccins anti-adénovirus

Vaccins contre le SIDA

Vaccins contre la COVID-19

Vaccins contre le cytomégalovirus

Vaccins contre la dengue

Vaccins contre la maladie à virus Ebola

Vaccins contre les herpèsvirus

Vaccins antigrippaux

Vaccins contre l'encéphalite japonaise

Vaccin contre la rougeole

Vaccin antiourlien

Vaccins contre les papillomavirus

Vaccins contre les virus para-influenza

Vaccins antipoliomyélitiques

Vaccins contre la maladie d'Aujeszky

Vaccins antirabiques

Vaccins contre les virus respiratoires syncytiaux

Vaccins anti-rotavirus

Vaccin antirubéoleux

Vaccins contre le SIDA simien

Vaccin antivariolique

Vaccins contre les hépatites virales

Vaccins contre le virus du Nil occidental

Vaccin antiamaril

Vaccin ChAdOx1 nCoV-19

Ad26COVS1

Vaccin contre la varicelle

Vaccins contre les virus herpès simplex

Vaccins contre la maladie de Marek

Vaccin recombinant quadrivalent contre les papillomavirus humains de type 6, 11, 16 et 18

Vaccin antipoliomyélitique inactivé

Vaccin antipoliomyélitique oral

Vaccin contre la rougeole, les oreillons et la rubéole

Vaccins anti-hépatite A

Vaccins anti-hépatite B

Vaccin contre le zona

Auteurs principaux

Sources (179 au total)