Comment diagnostiquer une déshydratation ?

Le diagnostic se fait par l'évaluation des symptômes cliniques et des tests sanguins.

Quels tests pour évaluer l'équilibre hydrique ?

Des tests sanguins, urinaires et des mesures de poids peuvent être utilisés.

Quels signes indiquent une surcharge hydrique ?

Les signes incluent œdème, hypertension et dyspnée.

Comment détecter un déséquilibre électrolytique ?

Par des analyses sanguines mesurant les niveaux de sodium et potassium.

Quels symptômes nécessitent un diagnostic urgent ?

Confusion, convulsions ou perte de conscience doivent être évalués rapidement.

Quels sont les symptômes de la déshydratation ?

Soif intense, sécheresse de la peau, fatigue et urine foncée.

Comment reconnaître une surcharge hydrique ?

Symptômes incluent gonflement des membres, essoufflement et prise de poids rapide.

Quels signes indiquent un déséquilibre hydrique ?

Fatigue, crampes musculaires et troubles de la concentration.

Quels symptômes sont liés à l'hyperhydratation ?

Nausées, maux de tête et confusion mentale peuvent survenir.

Quels symptômes d'un choc hypovolémique ?

Pulsations rapides, peau froide et confusion mentale sont des indicateurs.

Comment prévenir la déshydratation ?

Boire régulièrement de l'eau, surtout par temps chaud ou lors d'exercices.

Quelles mesures pour éviter la surcharge hydrique ?

Limiter l'apport en liquides et surveiller les signes d'œdème.

Comment maintenir un bon équilibre hydrique ?

Consommer des aliments riches en eau et surveiller l'apport en électrolytes.

Quelles précautions pour les athlètes ?

S'hydrater avant, pendant et après l'exercice pour éviter la déshydratation.

Comment prévenir les déséquilibres électrolytiques ?

Avoir une alimentation équilibrée et surveiller les niveaux lors de maladies.

Comment traiter la déshydratation légère ?

L'hydratation orale avec des solutions électrolytiques est recommandée.

Quel traitement pour la surcharge hydrique ?

Restriction hydrique et diurétiques peuvent être prescrits.

Comment gérer un déséquilibre électrolytique ?

Des suppléments ou des modifications alimentaires peuvent être nécessaires.

Quel est le traitement de l'hyperhydratation ?

Réduction de l'apport hydrique et administration de diurétiques.

Comment traiter un choc hypovolémique ?

Administration rapide de fluides intraveineux et traitement de la cause sous-jacente.

Quelles complications de la déshydratation sévère ?

Peut entraîner des lésions rénales, des convulsions et un choc hypovolémique.

Quels risques d'une surcharge hydrique prolongée ?

Peut causer un œdème pulmonaire et des troubles cardiaques.

Quelles complications d'un déséquilibre électrolytique ?

Peut entraîner des arythmies cardiaques et des troubles neurologiques.

Quels dangers de l'hyperhydratation ?

Peut provoquer un œdème cérébral et des troubles de la conscience.

Quelles complications du choc hypovolémique ?

Peut entraîner une défaillance multi-organique et un décès si non traité.

Quels facteurs augmentent le risque de déshydratation ?

Âge avancé, maladies chroniques et climat chaud sont des facteurs de risque.

Qui est à risque de surcharge hydrique ?

Les personnes avec insuffisance cardiaque ou rénale sont particulièrement à risque.

Quels médicaments augmentent le risque d'un déséquilibre électrolytique ?

Les diurétiques et certains laxatifs peuvent provoquer des déséquilibres.

Quels comportements augmentent le risque d'hyperhydratation ?

Une consommation excessive de liquides sans équilibre électrolytique peut être risquée.

Quels facteurs de risque pour le choc hypovolémique ?

Traumatismes, hémorragies et déshydratation sévère augmentent le risque.

Mouvements de l'eau - Informations médicales vérifiées

Speech intelligibility changes the temporal evolution of neural speech tracking.

03 2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.119894 PMID: 36693596

Listening to speech with poor signal quality is challenging. Neural speech tracking of degraded speech has been used to advance the understanding of how brain processes and speech intelligibility are ...

Humans Speech Intelligibility Speech Perception Brain Auditory Perception +2 autres

A Transparent Mask and Clear Speech Benefit Speech Intelligibility in Individuals With Hearing Loss.

09 11 2023

DOI: 10.1044/2023_JSLHR-22-00636 PMID: 37788660

The purpose of the study is to investigate the impacts of a surgical mask and a transparent mask on audio-only and audiovisual speech intelligibility in noise (i.e., 0 dB signal-to-noise ratio) in ind... Thirty-one individuals with hearing loss (from 22 to 74 years old) completed keyword identification tasks to measure face-masked speech intelligibility in noise. A mixed-effects logistic regression mo... In the audio-only mode, the GHL group showed reduced speech intelligibility regardless of other factors, whereas the MHL group showed decreased speech intelligibility for the transparent mask more tha... The findings indicate that, when using face masks, either a transparent mask or a surgical mask negatively affects speech understanding in noise for individuals with hearing loss. Using a transparent ...

Humans Young Adult Adult Middle Aged Aged +6 autres

Vowel Acoustics as Predictors of Speech Intelligibility in Dysarthria.

17 08 2023

DOI: 10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00287 PMID: 36795536

This study sought to determine if alternative vowel space area (VSA) measures (i.e., novel trajectory-based measures: vowel space hull area and vowel space density) predicted speech intelligibility to... The Grandfather Passage was read aloud by 40 speakers with dysarthria of varying etiologies, including Parkinson's disease (... Traditional VSA was the sole significant predictor of speech intelligibility for both the OTs (... The findings suggest that traditional token-based vowel measures better predict intelligibility than trajectory-based measures. Additionally, the findings suggest that VAS methods are comparable to OT...

Humans Speech Intelligibility Dysarthria Speech Acoustics Phonetics +2 autres

ASR-based speech intelligibility prediction: A review.

12 2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108606 PMID: 36154977

Various types of methods and approaches are available to predict the intelligibility of speech signals, but many of these still suffer from two major problems: first, their required prior knowledge, w...

Speech Intelligibility Cognition Generalization, Psychological Machine Learning Speech Perception

Lexical Predictors of Intelligibility in Young Children's Speech.

17 08 2023

DOI: 10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00294 PMID: 36626389

Speech perception is a probabilistic process, integrating bottom-up and top-down sources of information, and the frequency and phonological neighborhood of a word can predict how well it is perceived.... We measured the intelligibility of 165 children between 30 and 47 months in age on 38 different single words. We performed an item response analysis using generalized mixed-effects logistic regression... There was considerable variation among the words and the children, but between-word variability was larger in magnitude than between-child variability. There was a clear positive effect of target word... Word frequency and neighborhood competition both had an effect on intelligibility in young children's speech, so listener expectations are an important factor in the selection of items for children's ...

Humans Child, Preschool Adult Speech Linguistics +4 autres

Intelligibility of speech produced by sighted and blind adults.

2022

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272127 PMID: 36107945

It is well known that speech uses both the auditory and visual modalities to convey information. In cases of congenital sensory deprivation, the feedback language learners have access to for mapping v... Twenty adult listeners performed two perceptual identification tasks in which vowels produced by congenitally blind adults and sighted adults were used as stimuli. The vowels were presented in the aud... The results showed that, although blind speakers did not differ from their sighted peers in the auditory modality, they had lower scores in the audiovisual and visual modalities. Some vowels produced ... Together, the results suggest that adult blind speakers have learned to adapt to their sensory loss so that they can successfully achieve intelligible vowel targets in non-noisy conditions but that th...

Blindness Canada Humans Speech Acoustics Speech Intelligibility +2 autres

Foreign Accented-Speech and Perceptions of Confidence and Intelligence.

Aug 2023

DOI: 10.1007/s10936-023-09940-9 PMID: 36867293

The purpose of the current study is to explore listeners' perception of accented speech in terms of confidence and intelligence. To this end, three groups of listeners were asked to rate speakers of E...

Humans Speech Perception Speech Intelligibility Language Cognition +1 autres

Intelligibility improves perception of timing changes in speech.

2023

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279024 PMID: 36634109

Auditory rhythms are ubiquitous in music, speech, and other everyday sounds. Yet, it is unclear how perceived rhythms arise from the repeating structure of sounds. For speech, it is unclear whether rh...

Humans Speech Intelligibility Speech Perception Phonetics Acoustics +3 autres

Beyond Speech Intelligibility: Quantifying Behavioral and Perceived Listening Effort in Response to Dysarthric Speech.

17 11 2022

DOI: 10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00136 PMID: 36198057

This study investigated whether listener processing of dysarthric speech requires the recruitment of more cognitive resources (i.e., higher levels of listening effort) than neurotypical speech. We als... A word recall paradigm was used to index behavioral listening effort. The primary task involved word transcription, whereas a memory task involved recalling words from previous sentences. Nineteen lis... Results revealed significant effects of dysarthria on the likelihood of correct word recall, indicating that the transcription of dysarthric speech required higher levels of behavioral listening effor... Results suggest that cognitive resources, particularly listeners' working memory capacity, are more taxed when deciphering dysarthric versus neurotypical speech. An increased demand on these resources...

Humans Speech Intelligibility Dysarthria Speech Perception Listening Effort +1 autres

Validity of Off-the-Shelf Automatic Speech Recognition for Assessing Speech Intelligibility and Speech Severity in Speakers With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

08 06 2022

DOI: 10.1044/2022_JSLHR-21-00589 PMID: 35623334

There is increasing interest in using automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems to evaluate impairment severity or speech intelligibility in speakers with dysarthria. We assessed the clinical validit... Using speech samples collected from 52 individuals with ALS and 20 healthy control speakers, we compared word recognition rate (WRR) from the commercially available Google Cloud ASR API (Machine WRR) ... Human WRR achieved better accuracy than Machine WRR when indexing speech severity, and, although related, Human and Machine WRR were not strongly correlated. When the speech signal was mixed with nois... Results indicated that the OTS ASR system was inadequate for early detection of speech impairment and grading overall speech severity. While Machine and Human WRR were correlated, ASR should not be us...

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Dysarthria Humans Reproducibility of Results Speech Disorders +3 autres

Mouvements de l'eau : Questions médicales fréquentes

Termes MeSH sélectionnés :

Questions fréquentes et termes MeSH associés

Diagnostic 5

Symptômes 5

Prévention 5

Traitements 5

Complications 5

Facteurs de risque 5

Contenu validé par Dr Olivier Menir

Auteurs principaux

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