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"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment identifier un modèle économétrique approprié ?",
"position": 1,
"acceptedAnswer": {
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"text": "Il faut analyser la nature des données et les relations entre les variables."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels tests sont utilisés pour valider un modèle ?",
"position": 2,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des tests comme le test de normalité, le test de multicolinéarité et le test de spécification."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Qu'est-ce qu'un modèle de régression ?",
"position": 3,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "C'est un modèle qui établit une relation entre une variable dépendante et une ou plusieurs variables indépendantes."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment évaluer la performance d'un modèle ?",
"position": 4,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "On utilise des indicateurs comme le R², l'erreur quadratique moyenne et le test de Fisher."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Qu'est-ce qu'un modèle à variables instrumentales ?",
"position": 5,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "C'est un modèle utilisé pour corriger les biais d'endogénéité en utilisant des variables externes."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les signes d'un modèle mal spécifié ?",
"position": 6,
"acceptedAnswer": {
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"text": "Des résidus non aléatoires, des valeurs aberrantes et des relations non linéaires."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment détecter l'hétéroscédasticité ?",
"position": 7,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "En utilisant des tests comme le test de Breusch-Pagan ou en observant les résidus."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels effets peut avoir la multicolinéarité ?",
"position": 8,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elle peut rendre les estimations des coefficients instables et difficiles à interpréter."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Qu'est-ce qu'un biais d'échantillonnage ?",
"position": 9,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "C'est une erreur systématique due à un échantillon non représentatif de la population."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les signes d'une autocorrélation ?",
"position": 10,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des résidus corrélés dans le temps, souvent détectés par le test de Durbin-Watson."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment éviter les biais dans les modèles ?",
"position": 11,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "En s'assurant que l'échantillon est représentatif et en utilisant des méthodes de validation."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles pratiques pour une bonne collecte de données ?",
"position": 12,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Utiliser des protocoles standardisés et s'assurer de la qualité et de la fiabilité des données."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment choisir les bonnes variables ?",
"position": 13,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "En se basant sur la théorie, des études antérieures et des tests de significativité."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles sont les bonnes pratiques de modélisation ?",
"position": 14,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Utiliser des diagnostics appropriés, tester les hypothèses et valider le modèle sur des données nouvelles."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment éviter le surajustement ?",
"position": 15,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "En utilisant des techniques de validation croisée et en limitant la complexité du modèle."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment corriger l'hétéroscédasticité ?",
"position": 16,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "En utilisant des transformations de données ou des modèles de régression robustes."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles méthodes pour traiter la multicolinéarité ?",
"position": 17,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "On peut utiliser la sélection de variables, la régularisation ou l'analyse en composantes principales."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment améliorer un modèle économétrique ?",
"position": 18,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "En ajoutant des variables pertinentes, en transformant les données ou en utilisant des modèles non linéaires."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Qu'est-ce que la régularisation ?",
"position": 19,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "C'est une technique pour prévenir le surajustement en ajoutant une pénalité aux coefficients."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment utiliser des modèles de séries temporelles ?",
"position": 20,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Pour analyser des données chronologiques et prévoir des tendances futures à l'aide de lissage."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles sont les conséquences d'un modèle mal spécifié ?",
"position": 21,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des prévisions inexactes, des décisions erronées et une mauvaise interprétation des résultats."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels risques d'une autocorrélation non traitée ?",
"position": 22,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elle peut conduire à des estimations biaisées et à des tests statistiques non fiables."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment la multicolinéarité affecte-t-elle les résultats ?",
"position": 23,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elle rend difficile l'évaluation de l'impact individuel des variables sur la variable dépendante."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles erreurs peuvent survenir dans l'interprétation des résultats ?",
"position": 24,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des conclusions hâtives, des généralisations inappropriées et des politiques mal orientées."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels effets d'un échantillonnage biaisé ?",
"position": 25,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Il peut fausser les résultats et mener à des recommandations inappropriées."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels facteurs influencent la sélection des variables ?",
"position": 26,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "La théorie économique, la disponibilité des données et les objectifs de recherche."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment la taille de l'échantillon affecte-t-elle les résultats ?",
"position": 27,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Un échantillon trop petit peut entraîner des estimations instables et des biais."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les risques d'une mauvaise collecte de données ?",
"position": 28,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des données inexactes peuvent fausser les résultats et compromettre la validité du modèle."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment les variables omises affectent-elles le modèle ?",
"position": 29,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elles peuvent introduire un biais et fausser les relations estimées entre les variables."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les impacts d'une mauvaise spécification du modèle ?",
"position": 30,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des prévisions erronées et des décisions basées sur des analyses incorrectes."
}
}
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Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent cancer among men in the Western population. Infections, such as the one caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), have been shown to promote inflammat...
Prostate tissue fragments were collected by prostate biopsy and subjected to polymerase chain reaction with primers for the HPV L1 gene to identify the presence of the virus....
Among 162 patients, 10 (6.2%) had HPV and in 152 (93.8%) HPV was not identified in prostate biopsies. HPV was detected in 7/95 (7.4%) of patients with PCa, in 2/55 (3.6%) of patients without PCa, and ...
There were no significant levels of HPV L1 protein in prostate tissue. The findings suggest the absence of HPV oncogenic activity in the prostate tissue of patients with PCa....
In this study, it was aimed to investigate the reliability of total prostate-specific antigen (t-PSA) in prostate cancer screening in hyperglycemic (≥126 mg/dL) individuals....
This research was planned as a cross-sectional retrospective study. Three hundred eleven cases which underwent biopsy with the suspicion of prostate cancer in the hospital were included in the study. ...
It was determined that the t-PSA measurement was higher in the patient group with cancer (P < .001). It was determined that the median t-PSA levels of the intermediate and high cancer groups were high...
As a contribution to literature, we found that the t-PSA test lost its sensitivity in cases with plasma glucose levels above normal. Loss of sensitivity may result in underdiagnosis in prostate cancer...
In recent observational studies, a potential link between prostatitis and prostate cancer (PCa) has been hinted at, yet the causality remains ambiguous. In our endeavor to scrutinize the conceivable c...
With emerging evidence to improve prostate cancer (PCa) screening, multiparametric magnetic prostate imaging is becoming an essential noninvasive component of the diagnostic routine. Computer-aided di...
We collected 1647 fine-grained biopsy-confirmed findings, including Gleason scores and prostatitis, to form a training dataset. In our experimental framework for lesion detection, all models utilized ...
An optimal model configuration with fine class granularity (prostatitis included) and OHE has scored the lesion-wise partial Free-Response Receiver Operating Characteristic (FROC) area under the curve...
This paper examines several configurations for model training in the biparametric MRI setup and proposes optimal value ranges. It also shows that the fine-grained class configuration, including prosta...
To assess the efficacy of 2-core prostate biopsy in advanced prostate cancer patients. This included a retrospective analysis of 12-core prostate biopsies and a prospective validation that a reduced n...
The first phase analyzed retrospective data from 12-core prostate biopsies between January 2013 and 2018. In the second phase, from January 2018 to January 2022, in a prospective setting, patients wit...
In the retrospective analysis, the number of positive cores in metastatic disease was 12 in 93 (73.8%), 11 in 14 (11.1%), and 10 in 7 (5.6%) patients. Using probability analysis, 94% of patients with ...
A 2-core biopsy is adequate in almost all patients with metastatic prostate cancer with PSA > 75, and this avoids excess complications and morbidity associated with a systematic 12-core prostate biops...
Financial toxicity (FT) is a growing concern among cancer survivors that adversely affects the quality of life and survival. Individuals diagnosed with aggressive cancers are often at a greater risk o...
PCa patients enrolled in the North Carolina-Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project (PCaP) were recontacted for long-term follow-up. The prevalence of FT in the PCaP cohort was estimated. FT was estimated u...
More than one-third of PCa patients reported experiencing FT. PCa aggressiveness was significantly independently associated with high FT; high aggressive PCa at diagnosis had more than twice the risk ...
Aggressive PCa was associated with high FT. Future studies should collect more information about the characteristics of men with high FT and identify additional risk factors of FT....
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) hybrid imaging is a promising new technique gaining importance in the field of prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and treatment planning. By combining PSMA radio...
Cribriform (CBFM) pattern on prostate biopsy has been implicated as a predictor for high-risk features, potentially leading to adverse outcomes after definitive treatment. This study aims to investiga...
Patients who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), combined 12-core transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided systematic (SB) and MRI/US fusion-guided biopsy were retrospectively qu...
Between 2015 and 2022, a total of 131 consecutive patients with CBFM pattern on prostate biopsy and pre-biopsy mpMRI were included. Clinical feature analysis included 1572 systematic biopsy cores (114...
The extent of disease for CBFM-containing tumors is difficult to capture on mpMRI. When comparing MRI lesions of similar dimensions and PIRADS scores, CBFM-containing tumors appear to have larger canc...
Purpose: Determine the time-dependent magnitude of intrafraction prostate displacement and a cutoff for the tracking decision. Methods: Nine patients with localized prostate cancer were treated with u...
Apart from other risk factors, chronic inflammation is also associated with the onset of Prostate Cancer (PCa), wherein pathogen infection and tissue microbiome dysbiosis are known to play a major rol...