Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2 Promotes the Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) is a circulating, proinflammatory protein. To examine the role of ANGPTL2 in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), we studied the epigenetic regulation of angptl2 expression in patients with diabetes. We determined the relationship between serum ANGPTL2 levels and the progression of DKD in cross-sectional (220 patients) and cohort (145 patients, 7-year follow-up) studies. Furthermore, we investigated the direct effect of ANGPTL2 on podocyte function. The main outcome was progression of DKD. We found that the expression of angptl2 was decreased by the methylation of its promoter region. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the baseline level of serum ANGPTL2 was an independent risk factor for the progression of DKD during follow-up periods. In cultured podocytes, ANGPTL2 directly increased albumin permeability through the translocation of zonula occludens-1 from the membrane to the cytosol via activation of focal adhesion kinase. ANGPTL2 might be directly involved in podocyte dysfunction and independently associated with the progression of DKD stages.