Lactococcus garvieae Endocarditis in a Prosthetic Aortic Valve: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Aged
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents
/ therapeutic use
Aortic Valve
/ microbiology
Endocarditis, Bacterial
/ drug therapy
Fishes
/ microbiology
Food Microbiology
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections
/ drug therapy
Heart Valve Prosthesis
/ microbiology
Humans
Lactococcus
/ isolation & purification
Male
Raw Foods
/ microbiology
Risk Factors
Seafood
/ microbiology
infections
heart valve prosthesis
infective endocarditis
Journal
Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports
ISSN: 2324-7096
Titre abrégé: J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101624758
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Historique:
entrez:
24
4
2019
pubmed:
24
4
2019
medline:
20
5
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Lactococcus garvieae (LG) is a gram-positive coccus known to be a major pathogen in aqua farming, which is responsible for severe outbreaks. Its incidence in humans is extremely rare. Prior to 1985, all bacteria in the genus Lactococcus were included in the Streptococcus genus. The first human infection was documented in 1991, and since then, the relevance and clinical significance in humans has increased. We present the clinical course of an LG endocarditis in a 78-year-old man who had a history of exertional dyspnea. The patient's blood tests showed increased inflammation values, and a transesophageal ultrasound (TEE) showed a stenosis of the prosthetic aortic valve. Blood cultures were positive for LG, leading to a diagnosis of infective endocarditis. After 6 weeks of intravenous antibiotics and a prosthetic aortic valve replacement, the patient made a good recovery. After the first documented case in 1991 to 2018, 25 cases of LG endocarditis have been described in PubMed and MEDLINE. We reviewed all reported cases of LG endocarditis, commenting on predisposing risk factors, the course and outcome of the disease. LG endocarditis is a rare disease. Consumption of raw fish, abnormalities of the digestive tract, immune deficiency, and underlying cardiac conditions appear to be risk factors for an infective endocarditis due to LG. Improved determination techniques are likely to lead to a better and faster identification of the bacterium. This identification allows a faster and individualized therapy, which in turn affects the outcome.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Lactococcus garvieae (LG) is a gram-positive coccus known to be a major pathogen in aqua farming, which is responsible for severe outbreaks. Its incidence in humans is extremely rare. Prior to 1985, all bacteria in the genus Lactococcus were included in the Streptococcus genus. The first human infection was documented in 1991, and since then, the relevance and clinical significance in humans has increased.
CASE DESCRIPTION
We present the clinical course of an LG endocarditis in a 78-year-old man who had a history of exertional dyspnea. The patient's blood tests showed increased inflammation values, and a transesophageal ultrasound (TEE) showed a stenosis of the prosthetic aortic valve. Blood cultures were positive for LG, leading to a diagnosis of infective endocarditis. After 6 weeks of intravenous antibiotics and a prosthetic aortic valve replacement, the patient made a good recovery.
REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
After the first documented case in 1991 to 2018, 25 cases of LG endocarditis have been described in PubMed and MEDLINE. We reviewed all reported cases of LG endocarditis, commenting on predisposing risk factors, the course and outcome of the disease.
CONCLUSION
LG endocarditis is a rare disease. Consumption of raw fish, abnormalities of the digestive tract, immune deficiency, and underlying cardiac conditions appear to be risk factors for an infective endocarditis due to LG. Improved determination techniques are likely to lead to a better and faster identification of the bacterium. This identification allows a faster and individualized therapy, which in turn affects the outcome.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31010322
doi: 10.1177/2324709619832052
pmc: PMC6480988
doi:
Substances chimiques
Anti-Bacterial Agents
0
Types de publication
Case Reports
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
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