[3D printing in orthopedic and trauma surgery education and training : Possibilities and fields of application].

The 3D printing technology enables precise fracture models to be generated from volumetric digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) computed tomography (CT) data. Apart from patient treatment, in the future this technology could potentially play a significant role in education and training in the field of orthopedic and trauma surgery. Preliminary results show that the understanding and classification of fractures can be improved when teaching medical students. The use of life-size and haptic models of real fractures for education is particularly interesting. Even experienced surgeons show an improved classification and treatment planning with the help of 3D printed models when compared to plain CT data. Especially for complex articular fractures, such as those of the acetabulum and tibial plateau, initial evidence shows patient benefits in terms of reduced surgery time and blood loss with the help of 3D models. The use of 3D printing on-site at the hospital is of particular interest in orthopedic and trauma surgery as it promises to provide products within a short time. The low investment and running costs and the increasing availability of convenient software solutions will spur increasing dissemination of this technology in the coming years.