Microbial genes and pathways in inflammatory bowel disease.
Journal
Nature reviews. Microbiology
ISSN: 1740-1534
Titre abrégé: Nat Rev Microbiol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101190261
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 2019
08 2019
Historique:
pubmed:
30
6
2019
medline:
4
3
2020
entrez:
29
6
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Perturbations in the intestinal microbiome are implicated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Studies of treatment-naive patients have identified microbial taxa associated with disease course and treatment efficacy. To gain a mechanistic understanding of how the microbiome affects gastrointestinal health, we need to move from census to function. Bacteria, including those that adhere to epithelial cells as well as several Clostridium species, can alter differentiation of T helper 17 cells and regulatory T cells. Similarly, microbial products such as short-chain fatty acids and sphingolipids also influence immune responses. Metagenomics and culturomics have identified strains of Ruminococcus gnavus and adherent invasive Escherichia coli that are linked to IBD and gut inflammation. Integrated analysis of multiomics data, including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and metabolomics, with measurements of host response and culturomics, have great potential in understanding the role of the microbiome in IBD. In this Review, we highlight current knowledge of gut microbial factors linked to IBD pathogenesis and discuss how multiomics data from large-scale population studies in health and disease have been used to identify specific microbial strains, transcriptional changes and metabolic alterations associated with IBD.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31249397
doi: 10.1038/s41579-019-0213-6
pii: 10.1038/s41579-019-0213-6
pmc: PMC6759048
mid: NIHMS1050393
doi:
Substances chimiques
Biological Factors
0
Immunologic Factors
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
497-511Subventions
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : P30 DK043351
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCCIH NIH HHS
ID : R01 AT009708
Pays : United States
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