Peripheral tryptophan, serotonin, kynurenine, and their metabolites in major depression: A case-control study.
3-hydroxyanthranilic acid
kynurenic acid
nicotinamide
picolinic acidxanthurenic acid
Journal
Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
ISSN: 1440-1819
Titre abrégé: Psychiatry Clin Neurosci
Pays: Australia
ID NLM: 9513551
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Feb 2020
Feb 2020
Historique:
received:
05
07
2019
revised:
23
09
2019
accepted:
04
10
2019
pubmed:
11
10
2019
medline:
15
12
2020
entrez:
11
10
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Tryptophan is the sole precursor of both peripherally and centrally produced serotonin and kynurenine. In depressed patients, tryptophan, serotonin, kynurenine, and their metabolite levels remain unclear. Therefore, peripheral tryptophan and metabolites of serotonin and kynurenine were investigated extensively in 173 patients suffering from a current major depressive episode (MDE) and compared to 214 healthy controls (HC). Fasting plasma levels of 11 peripheral metabolites were quantified: tryptophan, serotonin pathway (serotonin, its precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid), and kynurenine pathway (kynurenine and six of its metabolites: anthranilic acid, kynurenic acid, nicotinamide, picolinic acid, xanthurenic acid, and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid). Sixty (34.7%) patients were antidepressant-drug free. Tryptophan levels did not differ between MDE patients and HC. Serotonin and its precursor (5-hydroxytryptophan) levels were lower in MDE patients than in HC, whereas, its metabolite (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid) levels were within the standard range. Kynurenine and four of its metabolites (kynurenic acid, nicotinamide, picolinic acid, and xanthurenic acid) were lower in MDE patients. Whilst the results of this study demonstrate an association between the metabolites studied and depression, conclusions about causality cannot be made. This study uses the largest ever sample of MDE patients, with an extensive assessment of peripheral tryptophan metabolism in plasma. These findings provide new insights into the peripheral signature of MDE. The reasons for these changes should be further investigated. These results might suggest new antidepressant therapeutic strategies.
Substances chimiques
Picolinic Acids
0
Xanthurenates
0
3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid
1UQB1BT4OT
Niacinamide
25X51I8RD4
Serotonin
333DO1RDJY
Kynurenine
343-65-7
xanthurenic acid
58LAB1BG8J
Tryptophan
8DUH1N11BX
picolinic acid
QZV2W997JQ
Types de publication
Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Observational Study
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
112-117Subventions
Organisme : PHRC
ID : AOM06022
Organisme : PHRC
ID : AOM09122
Informations de copyright
© 2019 The Authors. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences © 2019 Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology.
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