Transfusion risk associated with recent arbovirus outbreaks in French Polynesia.
French Polynesia
arbovirus
blood safety
nucleic acid testing
risk assessment
Journal
Vox sanguinis
ISSN: 1423-0410
Titre abrégé: Vox Sang
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0413606
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Feb 2020
Feb 2020
Historique:
received:
08
02
2019
revised:
22
09
2019
accepted:
23
09
2019
pubmed:
18
12
2019
medline:
7
7
2020
entrez:
18
12
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
French Polynesia, where dengue virus (DENV) has been present for a long time, experienced two successive outbreaks of Zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya viruses (CHIKV) between 2013 and 2015. To avoid the transmission of these viruses by transfusion, nucleic acid testing (NAT) has been in place for DENV since 2013 and for ZIKV and CHIKV during epidemics. The objective was to compare the estimated risk of viraemic blood donation with NAT results and to discuss the impact on the prevention of transfusion-related infectious risk. The average risks of viraemic blood donation were estimated per year for DENV, and during the epidemic periods for ZIKV and CHIKV, using the Biggerstaff and Petersen model based on the incidence rate, the mean length of viraemia and the frequency of asymptomatic infection. The estimated risks were compared with the number of viraemic blood donations detected by NAT. According to the different assumptions, risks estimates ranged from 11·2 to 53·1/100 000 donations for DENV, 746 to 1924/100 000 for ZIKV and 1083 /100 000 for CHIKV. When compared to the number of donations collected during the study periods, these estimates match NAT results (5 blood donors reactive for DENV, 42 for ZIKV and 34 for CHIKV). The risks of viraemic blood donation were related to the viral incidence in the general population and concordant with NAT results. These findings suggest that the screening may be optimized by a targeted NAT implementation based on incidence data.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
French Polynesia, where dengue virus (DENV) has been present for a long time, experienced two successive outbreaks of Zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya viruses (CHIKV) between 2013 and 2015. To avoid the transmission of these viruses by transfusion, nucleic acid testing (NAT) has been in place for DENV since 2013 and for ZIKV and CHIKV during epidemics. The objective was to compare the estimated risk of viraemic blood donation with NAT results and to discuss the impact on the prevention of transfusion-related infectious risk.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
METHODS
The average risks of viraemic blood donation were estimated per year for DENV, and during the epidemic periods for ZIKV and CHIKV, using the Biggerstaff and Petersen model based on the incidence rate, the mean length of viraemia and the frequency of asymptomatic infection. The estimated risks were compared with the number of viraemic blood donations detected by NAT.
RESULTS
RESULTS
According to the different assumptions, risks estimates ranged from 11·2 to 53·1/100 000 donations for DENV, 746 to 1924/100 000 for ZIKV and 1083 /100 000 for CHIKV. When compared to the number of donations collected during the study periods, these estimates match NAT results (5 blood donors reactive for DENV, 42 for ZIKV and 34 for CHIKV).
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
The risks of viraemic blood donation were related to the viral incidence in the general population and concordant with NAT results. These findings suggest that the screening may be optimized by a targeted NAT implementation based on incidence data.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
124-132Informations de copyright
© 2019 International Society of Blood Transfusion.
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