Hormone levels in preterm and donor human milk before and after Holder pasteurization.
Breast Feeding
Female
Hormones
/ analysis
Humans
Hydrocortisone
/ analysis
Infant
Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Insulin
/ analysis
Intensive Care Units, Neonatal
Intensive Care, Neonatal
Iowa
Leptin
/ analysis
Male
Milk, Human
/ metabolism
Mothers
Pasteurization
Progesterone
/ analysis
Signal Transduction
Testosterone
/ analysis
Universities
Journal
Pediatric research
ISSN: 1530-0447
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Res
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0100714
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2020
10 2020
Historique:
received:
11
09
2019
accepted:
24
01
2020
revised:
13
01
2020
pubmed:
31
1
2020
medline:
24
8
2021
entrez:
31
1
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
After birth, breastfeeding is the exclusive source of hormonal signaling between mother and infant. Hospitalized infants often receive donor milk when their own mother's milk is unavailable. The presence of insulin, leptin, cortisol, progesterone, and testosterone was examined in samples from milk bank donors and mothers of preterm infants. We further investigated the effect of Holder pasteurization (HoP) on hormone levels. Comparing nonpasteurized samples, leptin levels were nearly threefold higher in milk from mothers of preterm infants versus donated milk, and regardless of milk source, leptin levels were significantly decreased by HoP. Insulin concentrations were also decreased by HoP, and among mothers of preterm infants, obesity was associated with significantly higher content of leptin and insulin. While combined use of donor milk and HoP was associated with cortisol levels nearly threefold higher than those in nonpasteurized own mother's milk, progesterone and testosterone content did not differ by source or pasteurization. The hormonal composition of breast milk is impacted by HoP and maternal obesity. Compared to nonpasteurized maternal milk, use of pasteurized donor milk dramatically decreases the intake of leptin while increasing the intake of cortisol. Further research is necessary to define optimal breast milk processing practices.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
After birth, breastfeeding is the exclusive source of hormonal signaling between mother and infant. Hospitalized infants often receive donor milk when their own mother's milk is unavailable.
METHODS
The presence of insulin, leptin, cortisol, progesterone, and testosterone was examined in samples from milk bank donors and mothers of preterm infants. We further investigated the effect of Holder pasteurization (HoP) on hormone levels.
RESULTS
Comparing nonpasteurized samples, leptin levels were nearly threefold higher in milk from mothers of preterm infants versus donated milk, and regardless of milk source, leptin levels were significantly decreased by HoP. Insulin concentrations were also decreased by HoP, and among mothers of preterm infants, obesity was associated with significantly higher content of leptin and insulin. While combined use of donor milk and HoP was associated with cortisol levels nearly threefold higher than those in nonpasteurized own mother's milk, progesterone and testosterone content did not differ by source or pasteurization.
CONCLUSIONS
The hormonal composition of breast milk is impacted by HoP and maternal obesity. Compared to nonpasteurized maternal milk, use of pasteurized donor milk dramatically decreases the intake of leptin while increasing the intake of cortisol. Further research is necessary to define optimal breast milk processing practices.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32000260
doi: 10.1038/s41390-020-0789-6
pii: 10.1038/s41390-020-0789-6
doi:
Substances chimiques
Hormones
0
Insulin
0
Leptin
0
Testosterone
3XMK78S47O
Progesterone
4G7DS2Q64Y
Hydrocortisone
WI4X0X7BPJ
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
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