Systematic review: gastric microbiota in health and disease.
Cohort Studies
DNA, Bacterial
/ analysis
Gastric Mucosa
/ microbiology
Gastrointestinal Diseases
/ drug therapy
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
/ physiology
Health
Helicobacter Infections
/ complications
Helicobacter pylori
/ physiology
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
Humans
Proton Pump Inhibitors
/ therapeutic use
Risk Factors
Sequence Analysis, DNA
/ methods
Stomach Neoplasms
/ epidemiology
Journal
Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
ISSN: 1365-2036
Titre abrégé: Aliment Pharmacol Ther
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8707234
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 2020
03 2020
Historique:
received:
03
12
2019
revised:
09
01
2020
accepted:
17
01
2020
pubmed:
15
2
2020
medline:
29
8
2020
entrez:
15
2
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Helicobacter pylori is the most infamous constituent of the gastric microbiota and its presence is the strongest risk factor for gastric cancer and other gastroduodenal diseases. Although historically the healthy stomach was considered a sterile organ, we now know it is colonised with a complex microbiota. However, its role in health and disease is not well understood. To systematically explore the literature on the gastric microbiota in health and disease as well as the gut microbiota after bariatric surgery. A systematic search of online bibliographic databases MEDLINE/EMBASE was performed between 1966 and February 2019 with screening in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Randomised controlled trials, cohort studies and observational studies were included if they reported next-generation sequencing derived microbiota analysis on gastric aspirate/tissue or stool samples (bariatric surgical outcomes). Sixty-five papers were eligible for inclusion. With the exception of H pylori-induced conditions, overarching gastric microbiota signatures of health or disease could not be determined. Gastric carcinogenesis induces a progressively altered microbiota with an enrichment of oral and intestinal taxa as well as significant changes in host gastric mucin expression. Proton pump inhibitors usage increases gastric microbiota richness. Bariatric surgery is associated with an increase in potentially pathogenic proteobacterial species in patient stool samples. While H pylori remains the single most important risk factor for gastric disease, its capacity to shape the collective gastric microbiota remains to be fully elucidated. Further studies are needed to explore the intricate host/microbial and microbial/microbial interplay.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Helicobacter pylori is the most infamous constituent of the gastric microbiota and its presence is the strongest risk factor for gastric cancer and other gastroduodenal diseases. Although historically the healthy stomach was considered a sterile organ, we now know it is colonised with a complex microbiota. However, its role in health and disease is not well understood.
AIM
To systematically explore the literature on the gastric microbiota in health and disease as well as the gut microbiota after bariatric surgery.
METHODS
A systematic search of online bibliographic databases MEDLINE/EMBASE was performed between 1966 and February 2019 with screening in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Randomised controlled trials, cohort studies and observational studies were included if they reported next-generation sequencing derived microbiota analysis on gastric aspirate/tissue or stool samples (bariatric surgical outcomes).
RESULTS
Sixty-five papers were eligible for inclusion. With the exception of H pylori-induced conditions, overarching gastric microbiota signatures of health or disease could not be determined. Gastric carcinogenesis induces a progressively altered microbiota with an enrichment of oral and intestinal taxa as well as significant changes in host gastric mucin expression. Proton pump inhibitors usage increases gastric microbiota richness. Bariatric surgery is associated with an increase in potentially pathogenic proteobacterial species in patient stool samples.
CONCLUSION
While H pylori remains the single most important risk factor for gastric disease, its capacity to shape the collective gastric microbiota remains to be fully elucidated. Further studies are needed to explore the intricate host/microbial and microbial/microbial interplay.
Substances chimiques
DNA, Bacterial
0
Proton Pump Inhibitors
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Systematic Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
582-602Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Informations de copyright
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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