Unveiling a sudden unexplained death case by whole exome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis.


Journal

Molecular genetics & genomic medicine
ISSN: 2324-9269
Titre abrégé: Mol Genet Genomic Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101603758

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
04 2020
Historique:
received: 16 08 2019
revised: 12 01 2020
accepted: 30 01 2020
pubmed: 27 2 2020
medline: 7 4 2021
entrez: 27 2 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Sudden unexplained death (SUD) refers to cases of sudden death where autopsy fails to identify any cardiac or extracardiac underlying cause. Guideline-directed standard genetic testing identifies a disease-causing mutation in less than one-third of cases of SUD. Conversely, whole exome sequencing (WES) may provide the key to solve most cases of SUD even after several years from the subject's death. We report on a case of sudden unexpected death of a 37-year-old male, with inconclusive autopsy conducted 14 years ago. A recent reevaluation through WES was performed on DNA extracted from left ventricular samples. A multiple step process including several "in silico" tools was applied to identify potentially pathogenic variants. Data analysis was based on a 562 gene panel, including 234 candidate genes associated with sudden cardiac death or heart diseases, with the addition of 328 genes highly expressed in the heart. WebGestalt algorithms were used for association enrichment analysis of all genes with detected putative pathogenic variants. WES analysis identified four potentially pathogenic variants: RYR2:c.12168G>T, TTN:c.11821C>T (rs397517804), MYBPC3:c.1255C>T (rs368770848), and ACADVL:c.848T>C (rs113994167). WebGestalt algorithms indicated that their combination holds an unfavorable arrhythmic susceptibility which conceivably caused the occurrence of the events leading to our subject's sudden death. Associating WES technique with online prediction algorithms may allow the recognition of genetic mutations potentially responsible for otherwise unexplained deaths.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Sudden unexplained death (SUD) refers to cases of sudden death where autopsy fails to identify any cardiac or extracardiac underlying cause. Guideline-directed standard genetic testing identifies a disease-causing mutation in less than one-third of cases of SUD. Conversely, whole exome sequencing (WES) may provide the key to solve most cases of SUD even after several years from the subject's death.
METHODS
We report on a case of sudden unexpected death of a 37-year-old male, with inconclusive autopsy conducted 14 years ago. A recent reevaluation through WES was performed on DNA extracted from left ventricular samples. A multiple step process including several "in silico" tools was applied to identify potentially pathogenic variants. Data analysis was based on a 562 gene panel, including 234 candidate genes associated with sudden cardiac death or heart diseases, with the addition of 328 genes highly expressed in the heart. WebGestalt algorithms were used for association enrichment analysis of all genes with detected putative pathogenic variants.
RESULTS
WES analysis identified four potentially pathogenic variants: RYR2:c.12168G>T, TTN:c.11821C>T (rs397517804), MYBPC3:c.1255C>T (rs368770848), and ACADVL:c.848T>C (rs113994167). WebGestalt algorithms indicated that their combination holds an unfavorable arrhythmic susceptibility which conceivably caused the occurrence of the events leading to our subject's sudden death.
CONCLUSION
Associating WES technique with online prediction algorithms may allow the recognition of genetic mutations potentially responsible for otherwise unexplained deaths.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32101375
doi: 10.1002/mgg3.1182
pmc: PMC7196487
doi:

Substances chimiques

Carrier Proteins 0
Connectin 0
RyR2 protein, human 0
Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel 0
TTN protein, human 0
myosin-binding protein C 0
Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase, Long-Chain EC 1.3.8.8
ACADVL protein, human EC 1.3.8.9

Types de publication

Case Reports Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

e1182

Informations de copyright

© 2020 The Authors. Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Auteurs

Martina Modena (M)

Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, Pisa, Italy.

Vincenzo Castiglione (V)

Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
Cardiology Division, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Paolo Aretini (P)

Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, Pisa, Italy.

Chiara M Mazzanti (CM)

Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, Pisa, Italy.

Enrica Chiti (E)

Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Alberto Giannoni (A)

Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.

Michele Emdin (M)

Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.

Marco Di Paolo (M)

Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

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