Tankyrase inhibition sensitizes melanoma to PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade in syngeneic mouse models.


Journal

Communications biology
ISSN: 2399-3642
Titre abrégé: Commun Biol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101719179

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
24 04 2020
Historique:
received: 01 12 2018
accepted: 26 03 2020
entrez: 26 4 2020
pubmed: 26 4 2020
medline: 16 6 2021
Statut: epublish

Résumé

The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors represents a major breakthrough in cancer therapy. Nevertheless, a substantial number of patients fail to respond to checkpoint pathway blockade. Evidence for WNT/β-catenin signaling-mediated immune evasion is found in a subset of cancers including melanoma. Currently, there are no therapeutic strategies available for targeting WNT/β-catenin signaling. Here we show that a specific small-molecule tankyrase inhibitor, G007-LK, decreases WNT/β-catenin and YAP signaling in the syngeneic murine B16-F10 and Clone M-3 melanoma models and sensitizes the tumors to anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint therapy. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that the synergistic effect of tankyrase and checkpoint inhibitor treatment is dependent on loss of β-catenin in the tumor cells, anti-PD-1-stimulated infiltration of T cells into the tumor and induction of an IFNγ- and CD8

Identifiants

pubmed: 32332858
doi: 10.1038/s42003-020-0916-2
pii: 10.1038/s42003-020-0916-2
pmc: PMC7181813
doi:

Substances chimiques

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing 0
CTNNB1 protein, mouse 0
Enzyme Inhibitors 0
G007-LK 0
IFNG protein, mouse 0
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors 0
Pdcd1 protein, mouse 0
Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor 0
Sulfones 0
Triazoles 0
YAP-Signaling Proteins 0
Yap1 protein, mouse 0
beta Catenin 0
Interferon-gamma 82115-62-6
Tankyrases EC 2.4.2.30

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

196

Références

Dempke, W. C. M., Fenchel, K., Uciechowski, P. & Dale, S. P. Second- and third-generation drugs for immuno-oncology treatment—-the more the better? Eur. J. Cancer 74, 55–72 (2017).
pubmed: 28335888 doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2017.01.001
Wolchok, J. D. et al. Overall survival with combined nivolumab and ipilimumab in advanced melanoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 377, 1345–1356 (2017).
pubmed: 28889792 pmcid: 5706778 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1709684
Gotwals, P. et al. Prospects for combining targeted and conventional cancer therapy with immunotherapy. Nat. Rev. Cancer 17, 286–301 (2017).
pubmed: 28338065 doi: 10.1038/nrc.2017.17
Havel, J. J., Chowell, D. & Chan, T. A. The evolving landscape of biomarkers for checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. Nat. Rev. Cancer 19, 133–150 (2019).
pubmed: 30755690 pmcid: 6705396 doi: 10.1038/s41568-019-0116-x
Ott, P. A., Hodi, F. S., Kaufman, H. L., Wigginton, J. M. & Wolchok, J. D. Combination immunotherapy: a road map. J. Immunother. Cancer 5, 16 (2017).
pubmed: 28239469 pmcid: 5319100 doi: 10.1186/s40425-017-0218-5
Luke, J. J., Bao, R., Sweis, R. F., Spranger, S. & Gajewski, T. F. WNT/beta-catenin pathway activation correlates with immune exclusion across human cancers. Clin. Cancer Res. 25, 3074–3083 (2019).
pubmed: 30635339 pmcid: 6522301 doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-1942
Galluzzi, L., Spranger, S., Fuchs, E. & Lopez-Soto, A. WNT signaling in cancer immunosurveillance. Trends Cell Biol. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30220580 (2018).
Nusse, R. & Clevers, H. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, disease, and emerging therapeutic modalities. Cell 169, 985–999 (2017).
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.05.016
Pai, S. G. et al. Wnt/beta-catenin pathway: modulating anticancer immune response. J. Hematol. Oncol. 10, 101 (2017).
pubmed: 28476164 pmcid: 5420131 doi: 10.1186/s13045-017-0471-6
Nsengimana, J. et al. beta-Catenin-mediated immune evasion pathway frequently operates in primary cutaneous melanomas. J. Clin. Invest 128, 2048–2063 (2018).
pubmed: 29664013 pmcid: 5919828 doi: 10.1172/JCI95351
Spranger, S., Bao, R. & Gajewski, T. F. Melanoma-intrinsic beta-catenin signalling prevents anti-tumour immunity. Nature 523, 231–235 (2015).
doi: 10.1038/nature14404
Spranger, S. & Gajewski, T. F. Impact of oncogenic pathways on evasion of antitumour immune responses. Nat. Rev. Cancer 18, 139–147 (2018).
pubmed: 29326431 pmcid: 6685071 doi: 10.1038/nrc.2017.117
Spranger, S., Dai, D., Horton, B. & Gajewski, T. F. Tumor-residing Batf3 dendritic cells are required for effector T cell trafficking and adoptive T cell therapy. Cancer Cell 31, 711–723 e714 (2017).
pubmed: 5650691 pmcid: 5650691 doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.04.003
Sanchez-Vega, F. et al. Oncogenic signaling pathways in the cancer genome atlas. Cell 173, 321–337 e310 (2018).
pubmed: 29625050 pmcid: 6070353 doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.03.035
Ferri, M. et al. Targeting Wnt-driven cancers: discovery of novel tankyrase inhibitors. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 142, 506–522 (2017).
pubmed: 29107427 doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.09.030
Krishnamurthy, N. & Kurzrock, R. Targeting the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in cancer: update on effectors and inhibitors. Cancer Treat. Rev. 62, 50–60 (2018).
pubmed: 29169144 doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.11.002
Huang, S. M. et al. Tankyrase inhibition stabilizes axin and antagonizes Wnt signalling. Nature 461, 614–620 (2009).
doi: 10.1038/nature08356
Lee, E., Salic, A., Kruger, R., Heinrich, R. & Kirschner, M. W. The roles of APC and Axin derived from experimental and theoretical analysis of the Wnt pathway. PLoS Biol. 1, E10 (2003).
pubmed: 14551908 pmcid: 212691 doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0000010
Haikarainen, T., Krauss, S. & Lehtio, L. Tankyrases: structure, function and therapeutic implications in cancer. Curr. Pharm. Des. 20, 6472–6488 (2014).
pubmed: 24975604 pmcid: 4262938 doi: 10.2174/1381612820666140630101525
Voronkov, A. & Krauss, S. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and small molecule inhibitors. Curr. Pharm. Des. 19, 634–664 (2013).
pubmed: 23016862 doi: 10.2174/138161213804581837
Waaler, J. et al. Novel synthetic antagonists of canonical Wnt signaling inhibit colorectal cancer cell growth. Cancer Res. 71, 197–205 (2011).
pubmed: 21199802 doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-1282
Waaler, J. et al. A novel tankyrase inhibitor decreases canonical Wnt signaling in colon carcinoma cells and reduces tumor growth in conditional APC mutant mice. Cancer Res. 72, 2822–2832 (2012).
pubmed: 22440753 doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-3336
Lau, T. et al. A novel Tankyrase small-molecule inhibitor suppresses APC mutation-driven colorectal tumor growth. Cancer Res. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23539443 (2013).
Bhardwaj, A., Yang, Y., Ueberheide, B. & Smith, S. Whole proteome analysis of human tankyrase knockout cells reveals targets of tankyrase-mediated degradation. Nat. Commun. 8, 2214 (2017).
pubmed: 29263426 pmcid: 5738441 doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02363-w
Kim, M. K. Novel insight into the function of tankyrase. Oncol. Lett. 16, 6895–6902 (2018).
pubmed: 30546421 pmcid: 6256358
Li, N. et al. Tankyrase disrupts metabolic homeostasis and promotes tumorigenesis by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling. Nat. Commun. 10, 4363 (2019).
pubmed: 31554794 pmcid: 6761205 doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12377-1
Wang, W. et al. Tankyrase inhibitors target YAP by stabilizing angiomotin family proteins. Cell Rep. 13, 524–532 (2015).
pubmed: 26456820 pmcid: 4618173 doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.09.014
Troilo, A. et al. Angiomotin stabilization by tankyrase inhibitors antagonizes constitutive TEAD-dependent transcription and proliferation of human tumor cells with Hippo pathway core component mutations. Oncotarget 7, 28765–28782 (2016).
pubmed: 27144834 pmcid: 5045355 doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.9117
Feng, J. et al. Tumor cell-derived lactate induces TAZ-dependent upregulation of PD-L1 through GPR81 in human lung cancer cells. Oncogene 36, 5829–5839 (2017).
pubmed: 28604752 doi: 10.1038/onc.2017.188
Kim, M. H. et al. YAP-induced PD-L1 expression drives immune evasion in BRAFi-resistant melanoma. Cancer Immunol. Res. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29382670 (2018).
Moroishi, T. et al. The hippo pathway kinases LATS1/2 suppress cancer immunity. Cell 167, 1525–1539 e1517 (2016).
pubmed: 27912060 pmcid: 5512418 doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.11.005
Fidler, I. J. Biological behavior of malignant melanoma cells correlated to their survival in vivo. Cancer Res. 35, 218–224 (1975).
pubmed: 1109790
Quezada, S. A. et al. Limited tumor infiltration by activated T effector cells restricts the therapeutic activity of regulatory T cell depletion against established melanoma. J. Exp. Med. 205, 2125–2138 (2008).
pubmed: 18725522 pmcid: 2526206 doi: 10.1084/jem.20080099
Pilon-Thomas, S., Mackay, A., Vohra, N. & Mule, J. J. Blockade of programmed death ligand 1 enhances the therapeutic efficacy of combination immunotherapy against melanoma. J. Immunol. 184, 3442–3449 (2010).
pubmed: 20194714 pmcid: 2913584 doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0904114
Voronkov, A. et al. Structural basis and SAR for G007-LK, a lead stage 1,2,4-triazole based specific tankyrase 1/2 inhibitor. J. Med. Chem. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23473363 (2013).
Solberg, N. T. et al. TANKYRASE inhibition enhances the antiproliferative effect of PI3K and EGFR inhibition, mutually affecting beta-CATENIN and AKT signaling in colorectal cancer. Mol. Cancer Res. 16, 543–553 (2018).
pubmed: 29222171 doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-17-0362
Thorvaldsen, T. E. et al. Structure, dynamics, and functionality of Tankyrase inhibitor-induced degradasomes. Mol. Cancer Res. 13, 1487–1501 (2015).
pubmed: 26124443 doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-15-0125
Wang, H. et al. Tankyrase inhibitor sensitizes lung cancer cells to endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition via stabilizing angiomotins and inhibiting YAP signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 291, 15256–15266 (2016).
pubmed: 27231341 pmcid: 4946938 doi: 10.1074/jbc.M116.722967
Haabeth, O.A., Bogen, B. & Corthay, A. The Matrigel Cytokine Assay. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms1239 (2011).
Shinkai, Y. et al. RAG-2-deficient mice lack mature lymphocytes owing to inability to initiate V(D)J rearrangement. Cell 68, 855–867 (1992).
pubmed: 1547487 doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90029-C
Ascierto, P. A. et al. The role of BRAF V600 mutation in melanoma. J. Transl. Med. 10, 85 (2012).
pubmed: 22554099 pmcid: 3391993 doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-85
Zeitouni, B. et al. Abstract 1840: Whole-exome somatic mutation analysis of mouse cancer models and implications for preclinical immunomodulatory drug development. Cancer Res. 77, 1840–1840 (2017).
Chien, A. J. et al. Activated Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in melanoma is associated with decreased proliferation in patient tumors and a murine melanoma model. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 1193–1198 (2009).
pubmed: 19144919 doi: 10.1073/pnas.0811902106
Hartman, M. L. & Czyz, M. MITF in melanoma: mechanisms behind its expression and activity. Cell Mol. Life Sci. 72, 1249–1260 (2015).
pubmed: 25433395 doi: 10.1007/s00018-014-1791-0
Regad, T. Molecular and cellular pathogenesis of melanoma initiation and progression. Cell Mol. Life Sci. 70, 4055–4065 (2013).
pubmed: 23532409 doi: 10.1007/s00018-013-1324-2
Verfaillie, A. et al. Decoding the regulatory landscape of melanoma reveals TEADS as regulators of the invasive cell state. Nat. Commun. 6, 6683 (2015).
pubmed: 25865119 pmcid: 4403341 doi: 10.1038/ncomms7683
Hoek, K. S. et al. Metastatic potential of melanomas defined by specific gene expression profiles with no BRAF signature. Pigment Cell Res. 19, 290–302 (2006).
pubmed: 16827748 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0749.2006.00322.x
Riesenberg, S. et al. MITF and c-Jun antagonism interconnects melanoma dedifferentiation with pro-inflammatory cytokine responsiveness and myeloid cell recruitment. Nat. Commun. 6, 8755 (2015).
pubmed: 26530832 pmcid: 4659938 doi: 10.1038/ncomms9755
Zanconato, F. et al. Genome-wide association between YAP/TAZ/TEAD and AP-1 at enhancers drives oncogenic growth. Nat. Cell Biol. 17, 1218–1227 (2015).
pubmed: 26258633 pmcid: 6186417 doi: 10.1038/ncb3216
Byrne, E. H. & Fisher, D. E. Immune and molecular correlates in melanoma treated with immune checkpoint blockade. Cancer 123, 2143–2153 (2017).
pubmed: 28543699 pmcid: 5445935 doi: 10.1002/cncr.30444
Jerby-Arnon, L. et al. A cancer cell program promotes T cell exclusion and resistance to checkpoint blockade. Cell 175, 984–997 e924 (2018).
pubmed: 30388455 pmcid: 6410377 doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.09.006
Fujita, S. et al. Pharmacological inhibition of tankyrase induces bone loss in mice by increasing osteoclastogenesis. Bone 106, 156–166 (2018).
pubmed: 29055830 doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.10.017
Norum, J. H. et al. The tankyrase inhibitor G007-LK inhibits small intestine LGR5(+) stem cell proliferation without altering tissue morphology. Biol. Res. 51, 3 (2018).
pubmed: 29316982 pmcid: 5759193 doi: 10.1186/s40659-017-0151-6
Dupont, S. et al. Role of YAP/TAZ in mechanotransduction. Nature 474, 179–183 (2011).
pubmed: 21654799 doi: 10.1038/nature10137
Labun, K., Montague, T. G., Gagnon, J. A., Thyme, S. B. & Valen, E. CHOPCHOP v2: a web tool for the next generation of CRISPR genome engineering. Nucleic Acids Res. 44, W272–276 (2016).
pubmed: 27185894 pmcid: 4987937 doi: 10.1093/nar/gkw398
Ran, F. A. et al. Genome engineering using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Nat. Protoc. 8, 2281–2308 (2013).
pubmed: 24157548 pmcid: 3969860 doi: 10.1038/nprot.2013.143
Schindelin, J. et al. Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis. Nat. Methods 9, 676–682 (2012).
pubmed: 22743772 pmcid: 22743772 doi: 10.1038/nmeth.2019
Garcia, S., DiSanto, J. & Stockinger, B. Following the development of a CD4 T cell response in vivo: from activation to memory formation. Immunity 11, 163–171 (1999).
pubmed: 10485651 doi: 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80091-6
Mannering, S. I., Zhong, J. & Cheers, C. T-cell activation, proliferation and apoptosis in primary Listeria monocytogenes infection. Immunology 106, 87–95 (2002).
pubmed: 11972636 pmcid: 1782690 doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.2002.01408.x
Bray, N. L., Pimentel, H., Melsted, P. & Pachter, L. Near-optimal probabilistic RNA-seq quantification. Nat. Biotechnol. 34, 525–527 (2016).
pubmed: 27043002 pmcid: 27043002 doi: 10.1038/nbt.3519
Kinsella, R. J. et al. Ensembl BioMarts: a hub for data retrieval across taxonomic space. Database (Oxf.) 2011, bar030 (2011).
Pimentel, H., Bray, N. L., Puente, S., Melsted, P. & Pachter, L. Differential analysis of RNA-seq incorporating quantification uncertainty. Nat. Methods 14, 687–690 (2017).
pubmed: 28581496 doi: 10.1038/nmeth.4324
Ritchie, M. E. et al. limma powers differential expression analyses for RNA-sequencing and microarray studies. Nucleic Acids Res. 43, e47 (2015).
pubmed: 4402510 pmcid: 4402510 doi: 10.1093/nar/gkv007
Love, M. I., Huber, W. & Anders, S. Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2. Genome Biol. 15, 550 (2014).
pubmed: 4302049 pmcid: 4302049 doi: 10.1186/s13059-014-0550-8
Gaujoux, R. & Seoighe, C. A flexible R package for nonnegative matrix factorization. BMC Bioinforma. 11, 367 (2010).
doi: 10.1186/1471-2105-11-367
Kim, D., Langmead, B. & Salzberg, S. L. HISAT: a fast spliced aligner with low memory requirements. Nat. Methods 12, 357–360 (2015).
pubmed: 25751142 pmcid: 25751142 doi: 10.1038/nmeth.3317
Lai, Z. et al. VarDict: a novel and versatile variant caller for next-generation sequencing in cancer research. Nucleic Acids Res. 44, e108–e108 (2016).
pubmed: 27060149 pmcid: 4914105 doi: 10.1093/nar/gkw227
Forbes, S. A. et al. COSMIC: somatic cancer genetics at high-resolution. Nucleic Acids Res. 45, D777–D783 (2017).
pubmed: 27899578 doi: 10.1093/nar/gkw1121
Wang, K., Li, M. & Hakonarson, H. ANNOVAR: functional annotation of genetic variants from high-throughput sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Res. 38, e164–e164 (2010).
pubmed: 2938201 pmcid: 2938201 doi: 10.1093/nar/gkq603

Auteurs

Jo Waaler (J)

Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway. jo.waaler@rr-research.no.
Hybrid Technology Hub - Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway. jo.waaler@rr-research.no.

Line Mygland (L)

Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
Hybrid Technology Hub - Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.

Anders Tveita (A)

Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
K. G. Jebsen Centre for B cell malignancies, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.

Martin Frank Strand (MF)

School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, P.O. Box 1190, Sentrum, 0107, Oslo, Norway.

Nina Therese Solberg (NT)

Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
Hybrid Technology Hub - Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.

Petter Angell Olsen (PA)

Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
Hybrid Technology Hub - Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.

Aleksandra Aizenshtadt (A)

Hybrid Technology Hub - Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.

Marte Fauskanger (M)

Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
K. G. Jebsen Centre for B cell malignancies, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.

Kaja Lund (K)

Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
Hybrid Technology Hub - Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.

Shoshy Alam Brinch (SA)

Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
Hybrid Technology Hub - Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.

Max Lycke (M)

Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
Hybrid Technology Hub - Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.

Elisabeth Dybing (E)

Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
Hybrid Technology Hub - Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.

Vegard Nygaard (V)

Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4953, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.

Sigurd Læines Bøe (SL)

Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Ullernchausseen 70, 0379, Oslo, Norway.

Karen-Marie Heintz (KM)

Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4953, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.

Eivind Hovig (E)

Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4953, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
Center of Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1080, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.

Clara Hammarström (C)

Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, P.O. box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.

Alexandre Corthay (A)

Hybrid Technology Hub - Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, P.O. box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.

Stefan Krauss (S)

Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
Hybrid Technology Hub - Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1110, Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH