Cytological and microbiological characteristics of middle ear effusions in brachycephalic dogs.
Animals
Craniosynostoses
/ complications
Dermatitis, Atopic
/ veterinary
Disease Models, Animal
Dog Diseases
/ microbiology
Dogs
Ear, Middle
/ cytology
Exudates and Transudates
/ cytology
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
/ veterinary
Nervous System Diseases
/ veterinary
Otitis Media with Effusion
/ diagnostic imaging
Otoscopy
/ veterinary
Prospective Studies
Staphylococcus
/ isolation & purification
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
/ veterinary
Cavalier King Charles spaniel
canine
immunohistochemistry
middle ear
otitis media with effusion
Journal
Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
Titre abrégé: J Vet Intern Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8708660
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jul 2020
Jul 2020
Historique:
received:
29
05
2019
revised:
14
04
2020
accepted:
28
04
2020
pubmed:
15
5
2020
medline:
11
3
2021
entrez:
15
5
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Middle ear effusion is common in brachycephalic dogs with similarities to otitis media with effusion in children. Association with the cranial and eustachian tube morphology and bacterial infection is suspected in both species. To determine cytological and bacteriological features of middle ear effusions in dogs, provide information on histological features, and further assess the dog as a model of the human disease. Sixteen live dogs, 3 postmortem cases of middle ear effusion, and 2 postmortem controls. Prospective; clinical investigation using computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, video-otoscopy, myringotomy; cytological assessment of 30 and bacteriology of 28 effusions; histology and immunohistochemistry (CD3 for T-lymphocytes, Pax5 for B lymphocytes and MAC387 for macrophages) of 10 middle ear sections. Effusions were associated with neurological deficits in 6/16 (38%) and concurrent atopic dermatitis and otitis externa in 9/16 (56%) of live cases. Neutrophils and macrophages predominated on cytology (median 60 [range 2%-95.5%] and 27 [2%-96.5%]) whether culture of effusions was positive or not. In histology sections, the mucosa was thickened in affected dogs but submucosal gland dilatation occurred in affected and unaffected dogs. There was no bacterial growth from 22/28 (79%) of effusions. Bacteria isolated from the other 6 (21%) were predominantly Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (4/6, 67%). Clinical, morphological, and cytological findings in middle ear effusions of dogs and people suggest similar pathogeneses. Middle ear effusion of dogs could be a useful model of human otitis media with effusion. Such comparisons can improve understanding and management across species.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Middle ear effusion is common in brachycephalic dogs with similarities to otitis media with effusion in children. Association with the cranial and eustachian tube morphology and bacterial infection is suspected in both species.
HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
To determine cytological and bacteriological features of middle ear effusions in dogs, provide information on histological features, and further assess the dog as a model of the human disease.
ANIMALS
METHODS
Sixteen live dogs, 3 postmortem cases of middle ear effusion, and 2 postmortem controls.
METHODS
METHODS
Prospective; clinical investigation using computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, video-otoscopy, myringotomy; cytological assessment of 30 and bacteriology of 28 effusions; histology and immunohistochemistry (CD3 for T-lymphocytes, Pax5 for B lymphocytes and MAC387 for macrophages) of 10 middle ear sections.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Effusions were associated with neurological deficits in 6/16 (38%) and concurrent atopic dermatitis and otitis externa in 9/16 (56%) of live cases. Neutrophils and macrophages predominated on cytology (median 60 [range 2%-95.5%] and 27 [2%-96.5%]) whether culture of effusions was positive or not. In histology sections, the mucosa was thickened in affected dogs but submucosal gland dilatation occurred in affected and unaffected dogs. There was no bacterial growth from 22/28 (79%) of effusions. Bacteria isolated from the other 6 (21%) were predominantly Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (4/6, 67%).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
CONCLUSIONS
Clinical, morphological, and cytological findings in middle ear effusions of dogs and people suggest similar pathogeneses. Middle ear effusion of dogs could be a useful model of human otitis media with effusion. Such comparisons can improve understanding and management across species.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32407559
doi: 10.1111/jvim.15792
pmc: PMC7379010
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1454-1463Subventions
Organisme : The Fiona and Ian Russell Seed Corn Fund for Companion Animal Research
ID : N/A
Informations de copyright
© 2020 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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