Discovery of Novel Herpes Simplexviruses in Wild Gorillas, Bonobos, and Chimpanzees Supports Zoonotic Origin of HSV-2.
ape
herpesvirus
molecular clock
phylogenetics
zoonosis
Journal
Molecular biology and evolution
ISSN: 1537-1719
Titre abrégé: Mol Biol Evol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8501455
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
25 06 2021
25 06 2021
Historique:
pubmed:
16
3
2021
medline:
22
9
2021
entrez:
15
3
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Viruses closely related to human pathogens can reveal the origins of human infectious diseases. Human herpes simplexvirus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) are hypothesized to have arisen via host-virus codivergence and cross-species transmission. We report the discovery of novel herpes simplexviruses during a large-scale screening of fecal samples from wild gorillas, bonobos, and chimpanzees. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that, contrary to expectation, simplexviruses from these African apes are all more closely related to HSV-2 than to HSV-1. Molecular clock-based hypothesis testing suggests the divergence between HSV-1 and the African great ape simplexviruses likely represents a codivergence event between humans and gorillas. The simplexviruses infecting African great apes subsequently experienced multiple cross-species transmission events over the past 3 My, the most recent of which occurred between humans and bonobos around 1 Ma. These findings revise our understanding of the origins of human herpes simplexviruses and suggest that HSV-2 is one of the earliest zoonotic pathogens.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33720357
pii: 6171151
doi: 10.1093/molbev/msab072
pmc: PMC8233514
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2818-2830Subventions
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : R01 AI135992
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : R21 AI115701
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.
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