Elevated rates of horizontal gene transfer in the industrialized human microbiome.
antimicrobial resistance
bacterial genomics
culturomics
horizontal gene transfer
host-microbe interactions
human gut microbiome
industrialization
lifestyle
urbanization
virulence
Journal
Cell
ISSN: 1097-4172
Titre abrégé: Cell
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0413066
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
15 04 2021
15 04 2021
Historique:
received:
29
07
2020
revised:
27
10
2020
accepted:
24
02
2021
pubmed:
2
4
2021
medline:
21
10
2021
entrez:
1
4
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Industrialization has impacted the human gut ecosystem, resulting in altered microbiome composition and diversity. Whether bacterial genomes may also adapt to the industrialization of their host populations remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigate the extent to which the rates and targets of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) vary across thousands of bacterial strains from 15 human populations spanning a range of industrialization. We show that HGTs have accumulated in the microbiome over recent host generations and that HGT occurs at high frequency within individuals. Comparison across human populations reveals that industrialized lifestyles are associated with higher HGT rates and that the functions of HGTs are related to the level of host industrialization. Our results suggest that gut bacteria continuously acquire new functionality based on host lifestyle and that high rates of HGT may be a recent development in human history linked to industrialization.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33794144
pii: S0092-8674(21)00241-5
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.052
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
DNA, Bacterial
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2053-2067.e18Subventions
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : TL1 TR002380
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1 TR002377
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of interests R.J.X. is a consultant to Novartis and Nestle. E.J.A. is a co-founder and shareholder of Finch Therapeutics, a company that specializes in microbiome-targeted therapeutics.