Chemokine-like MDL proteins modulate flowering time and innate immunity in plants.
Arabidopsis thaliana
MIF
Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola
chemokine
flowering time
hetero-oligomers
homo-oligomers
macrophage migration inhibitory factor
pathogen resistance
Journal
The Journal of biological chemistry
ISSN: 1083-351X
Titre abrégé: J Biol Chem
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 2985121R
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Historique:
received:
22
01
2021
revised:
18
03
2021
accepted:
29
03
2021
pubmed:
3
4
2021
medline:
21
8
2021
entrez:
2
4
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Human macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an atypical chemokine implicated in intercellular signaling and innate immunity. MIF orthologs (MIF/D-DT-like proteins, MDLs) are present throughout the plant kingdom, but remain experimentally unexplored in these organisms. Here, we provide an in planta characterization and functional analysis of the three-member gene/protein MDL family in Arabidopsis thaliana. Subcellular localization experiments indicated a nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution of MDL1 and MDL2, while MDL3 is localized to peroxisomes. Protein-protein interaction assays revealed the in vivo formation of MDL1, MDL2, and MDL3 homo-oligomers, as well as the formation of MDL1-MDL2 hetero-oligomers. Functionally, Arabidopsismdl mutants exhibited a delayed transition from vegetative to reproductive growth (flowering) under long-day conditions, but not in a short-day environment. In addition, mdl mutants were more resistant to colonization by the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola. The latter phenotype was compromised by the additional mutation of SALICYLIC ACID INDUCTION DEFICIENT 2 (SID2), a gene implicated in the defense-induced biosynthesis of the key signaling molecule salicylic acid. However, the enhanced antibacterial immunity was not associated with any constitutive or pathogen-induced alterations in the levels of characteristic phytohormones or defense-associated metabolites. Interestingly, bacterial infection triggered relocalization and accumulation of MDL1 and MDL2 at the peripheral lobes of leaf epidermal cells. Collectively, our data indicate redundant functionality and a complex interplay between the three chemokine-like Arabidopsis MDL proteins in the regulation of both developmental and immune-related processes. These insights expand the comparative cross-kingdom analysis of MIF/MDL signaling in human and plant systems.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33798552
pii: S0021-9258(21)00392-6
doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100611
pmc: PMC8122116
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Arabidopsis Proteins
0
Chemokines
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
100611Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest with the contents of this article.
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