Profile and correlates of colorimetric reagent kit use among people who use ecstasy/MDMA and other illegal stimulants in Australia.

Australia / epidemiology Colorimetry Humans Illicit Drugs Indicators and Reagents Male N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine
Colorimetric reagent kit Drug checking Ecstasy Harm reduction MDMA Pill testing Stimulants

Journal

The International journal on drug policy
ISSN: 1873-4758
Titre abrégé: Int J Drug Policy
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 9014759

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
11 2021
Historique:
received: 15 12 2020
revised: 20 05 2021
accepted: 31 05 2021
pubmed: 11 7 2021
medline: 15 12 2021
entrez: 10 7 2021
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Colorimetric reagent kits can provide information about the compounds present in drug samples. This study aimed to identify patterns and correlates of colorimetric reagent kit use, as well as behavioural outcomes of testing, amongst people who use illegal stimulants in a context that lacks permanent government-sanctioned drug checking services. Australians residing in capital cities who reported regularly using ecstasy/MDMA and/or other illegal stimulants ≥monthly in the past six months were recruited via social media and word-of-mouth from April-July 2019 (N = 792). Participants were asked about testing the contents and/or purity of illegal drugs, and features of last colorimetric reagent kit use. Logistic regression identified correlates of last using a kit (referent: no use of drug checking technology to test drug contents/purity in the past year). Over one-third (36%) reported testing drug contents and/or purity; of this group, 86% had last used a colorimetric reagent kit. On the last occasion, 52% reported someone else had conducted testing; 58% said testing occurred <24 h before planned drug use; and 24% reported testing for quantity of a substance. Correlates of drug checking comprised: being younger, male, past six-month use of new psychoactive substances, accessing community-based health services for alcohol or other drug reasons, selling drugs for cash profit, obtaining information from peers who had tried the drug, and searching online for reports of the drug by stamp/appearance. The majority (84%) tested a substance they had been sold and/or given as MDMA; of these, 87% detected MDMA. Of those who expected and detected MDMA, 29% and 11% reported results to their peers and dealer, respectively. People who use ecstasy/MDMA and/or other illegal stimulants seek out objective information about substance contents. In countries that lack permanent government-sanctioned drug checking services, it is important to acknowledge that people already engage in drug checking but with suboptimal technologies and without tailored specialist advice and education.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Colorimetric reagent kits can provide information about the compounds present in drug samples. This study aimed to identify patterns and correlates of colorimetric reagent kit use, as well as behavioural outcomes of testing, amongst people who use illegal stimulants in a context that lacks permanent government-sanctioned drug checking services.
METHODS
Australians residing in capital cities who reported regularly using ecstasy/MDMA and/or other illegal stimulants ≥monthly in the past six months were recruited via social media and word-of-mouth from April-July 2019 (N = 792). Participants were asked about testing the contents and/or purity of illegal drugs, and features of last colorimetric reagent kit use. Logistic regression identified correlates of last using a kit (referent: no use of drug checking technology to test drug contents/purity in the past year).
RESULTS
Over one-third (36%) reported testing drug contents and/or purity; of this group, 86% had last used a colorimetric reagent kit. On the last occasion, 52% reported someone else had conducted testing; 58% said testing occurred <24 h before planned drug use; and 24% reported testing for quantity of a substance. Correlates of drug checking comprised: being younger, male, past six-month use of new psychoactive substances, accessing community-based health services for alcohol or other drug reasons, selling drugs for cash profit, obtaining information from peers who had tried the drug, and searching online for reports of the drug by stamp/appearance. The majority (84%) tested a substance they had been sold and/or given as MDMA; of these, 87% detected MDMA. Of those who expected and detected MDMA, 29% and 11% reported results to their peers and dealer, respectively.
CONCLUSION
People who use ecstasy/MDMA and/or other illegal stimulants seek out objective information about substance contents. In countries that lack permanent government-sanctioned drug checking services, it is important to acknowledge that people already engage in drug checking but with suboptimal technologies and without tailored specialist advice and education.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103334 PMID: 34246017
pubmed: 34246017
pii: S0955-3959(21)00239-5
doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103334
pii:
doi:

Substances chimiques

Illicit Drugs 0
Indicators and Reagents 0
N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine KE1SEN21RM

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

103334

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Amy Peacock (A)

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia. Electronic address: Amy.Peacock@unsw.edu.au.

Daisy Gibbs (D)

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Olivia Price (O)

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Monica J Barratt (MJ)

Social and Global Studies Centre and Digital Ethnography Research Centre, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Nadine Ezard (N)

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; National Centre for Clinical Research on Emerging Drugs, Sydney, Australia; St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.

Rachel Sutherland (R)

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Penelope L Hill (PL)

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; National Centre for Clinical Research on Emerging Drugs, Sydney, Australia; Behaviours and Health Risks Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.

Jodie Grigg (J)

National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.

Simon Lenton (S)

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.

Robert Page (R)

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.

Caroline Salom (C)

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Caitlin Hughes (C)

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Crime Policy and Research, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.

Raimondo Bruno (R)

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Régions géographiques › Océanie › Australasie › Australie › Profile and correlates of colorimetric reagent...
questionsmedicales.fr › Techniques d'investigation › Techniques de chimie analytique › Titrimétrie › Colorimétrie › Profile and correlates of colorimetric reagent...
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Profile and correlates of colorimetric reagent...
questionsmedicales.fr › Préparations pharmaceutiques › Substances illicites › Profile and correlates of colorimetric reagent...
questionsmedicales.fr › Actions chimiques et utilisations › Utilisations spécialisées de produits chimiques › Produits chimiques de laboratoire › Indicateurs et réactifs › Profile and correlates of colorimetric reagent...
questionsmedicales.fr › Composés chimiques organiques › Amines › Éthylamines › Phénéthylamines › Amphétamines › N-Méthyl-3,4-méthylènedioxy-amphétamine › Profile and correlates of colorimetric reagent...