Social Networks and Cognitive Function: An Evaluation of Social Bridging and Bonding Mechanisms.
Alzheimer’s disease
Cognitive reserve
Social support
Journal
The Gerontologist
ISSN: 1758-5341
Titre abrégé: Gerontologist
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0375327
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
15 07 2022
15 07 2022
Historique:
received:
24
03
2021
pubmed:
3
8
2021
medline:
22
7
2022
entrez:
2
8
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Social connectedness has been linked prospectively to cognitive aging, but there is little agreement about the social mechanisms driving this relationship. This study evaluated 9 measures of social connectedness, focusing on 2 forms of social enrichment-access to an expansive and diverse set of loosely connected individuals (i.e., social bridging) and integration in a supportive network of close ties (i.e., social bonding). This study used egocentric network and cognitive data from 311 older adults in the Social Networks in Alzheimer Disease study. Linear regressions were used to estimate the association between social connectedness and global cognitive function, episodic memory, and executive function. Measures indicative of social bridging (larger network size, lower density, presence of weak ties, and proportion of non-kin) were consistently associated with better cognitive outcomes, while measures of social bonding (close ties, multiplex support, higher frequency of contact, better relationship quality, and being married) largely produced null effects. These findings suggest that the protective benefits of social connectedness for cognitive function and memory may operate primarily through a cognitive reserve mechanism that is driven by irregular contact with a larger and more diverse group of peripheral others.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Social connectedness has been linked prospectively to cognitive aging, but there is little agreement about the social mechanisms driving this relationship. This study evaluated 9 measures of social connectedness, focusing on 2 forms of social enrichment-access to an expansive and diverse set of loosely connected individuals (i.e., social bridging) and integration in a supportive network of close ties (i.e., social bonding).
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This study used egocentric network and cognitive data from 311 older adults in the Social Networks in Alzheimer Disease study. Linear regressions were used to estimate the association between social connectedness and global cognitive function, episodic memory, and executive function.
RESULTS
Measures indicative of social bridging (larger network size, lower density, presence of weak ties, and proportion of non-kin) were consistently associated with better cognitive outcomes, while measures of social bonding (close ties, multiplex support, higher frequency of contact, better relationship quality, and being married) largely produced null effects.
DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS
These findings suggest that the protective benefits of social connectedness for cognitive function and memory may operate primarily through a cognitive reserve mechanism that is driven by irregular contact with a larger and more diverse group of peripheral others.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34338287
pii: 6334636
doi: 10.1093/geront/gnab112
pmc: PMC9290895
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
865-875Subventions
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : P30 AG010133
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : U01 AG057195
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1 TR002529
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : R01 AG057739
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : P30 AG072976
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
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