Micronization of Thebaine Extracted from Papaver bracteatum Lindl. Using Supercritical Fluid Technology.
Journal
Journal of AOAC International
ISSN: 1944-7922
Titre abrégé: J AOAC Int
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9215446
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
15 Mar 2022
15 Mar 2022
Historique:
received:
19
02
2021
revised:
03
08
2021
accepted:
10
08
2021
pubmed:
28
9
2021
medline:
18
3
2022
entrez:
27
9
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Thebaine, as a main opiate alkaloid extracted from Papaveraceae plants, is widely used in the synthesis of many pharmaceutical ingredients such as buprenorphine, naltrexone, naloxone, and hydrocodone. Nevertheless, thebaine and related derivatives are often insoluble in aqueous media and have low bioavailability in digestive systems. Reducing particle size and changing the morphology can mitigate the mentioned problem. In this study, extraction of thebaine from the capsule, stem, and root of Papaver bracteatum L. was optimized and micronization of extract components was developed to study solubility. The extraction process was performed using supercritical carbon dioxide. Experimental central composite design was employed to determine the optimal conditions. Analysis of extract was done using a validated high performance liquid chromatography method and mass spectrometry. The micronization process was performed using an inhouse developed supercritical technique. The nanoparticles were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and ImageJ software. The effect of micronization was explored on the solubility of extract components via ultraviolet spectroscopy. The percentage of thebaine in dried capsule, stem, and root powder was about 1.05, 0.31, and 0.83% respectively. The extraction results indicate that supercritical pressure has the greatest effect on the extraction yield. Analysis of FESEM images revealed that nanoparticles of extract components with particle size distribution of 5-100 nm were collected successfully. The extraction results indicate that pressure has the greatest effect on the extraction yield. In vitro studies illustrated that the solubility of extract components increased up to 1.7 times during the micronization process. Expansion of supercritical methods as an effective method was performed for extracting and preparing alkaloid nanoparticles. This process led to improved oral bioavailability of alkaloids.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Thebaine, as a main opiate alkaloid extracted from Papaveraceae plants, is widely used in the synthesis of many pharmaceutical ingredients such as buprenorphine, naltrexone, naloxone, and hydrocodone. Nevertheless, thebaine and related derivatives are often insoluble in aqueous media and have low bioavailability in digestive systems.
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
Reducing particle size and changing the morphology can mitigate the mentioned problem. In this study, extraction of thebaine from the capsule, stem, and root of Papaver bracteatum L. was optimized and micronization of extract components was developed to study solubility.
METHODS
METHODS
The extraction process was performed using supercritical carbon dioxide. Experimental central composite design was employed to determine the optimal conditions. Analysis of extract was done using a validated high performance liquid chromatography method and mass spectrometry. The micronization process was performed using an inhouse developed supercritical technique. The nanoparticles were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and ImageJ software. The effect of micronization was explored on the solubility of extract components via ultraviolet spectroscopy.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The percentage of thebaine in dried capsule, stem, and root powder was about 1.05, 0.31, and 0.83% respectively. The extraction results indicate that supercritical pressure has the greatest effect on the extraction yield. Analysis of FESEM images revealed that nanoparticles of extract components with particle size distribution of 5-100 nm were collected successfully.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
The extraction results indicate that pressure has the greatest effect on the extraction yield. In vitro studies illustrated that the solubility of extract components increased up to 1.7 times during the micronization process.
HIGHLIGHTS
CONCLUSIONS
Expansion of supercritical methods as an effective method was performed for extracting and preparing alkaloid nanoparticles. This process led to improved oral bioavailability of alkaloids.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34570218
pii: 6375948
doi: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab118
doi:
Substances chimiques
Thebaine
2P9MKG8GX7
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
593-602Informations de copyright
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