Evaluation of novel biomaterials for cartilage regeneration based on gelatin methacryloyl interpenetrated with extractive chondroitin sulfate or unsulfated biotechnological chondroitin.
MSC differentiation
cartilage regeneration
chondroitin
extracellular matrix
gelatin-methacryloyl
scaffold
Journal
Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A
ISSN: 1552-4965
Titre abrégé: J Biomed Mater Res A
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101234237
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2022
06 2022
Historique:
revised:
11
01
2022
received:
11
10
2021
accepted:
13
01
2022
pubmed:
29
1
2022
medline:
8
4
2022
entrez:
28
1
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Gelatin is widely proposed as scaffold for cartilage tissue regeneration due to its high similarities to the extracellular matrix. However, poor mechanical properties and high sensitivity to enzymatic degradation encouraged the scientific community to develop strategies to obtain better performing hydrogels. Gelatin networks, specifically gelatin-methacryloyl (GM), have been coupled to hyaluronan or chondroitin sulfate (CS). In this study, we evaluated the biophysical properties of an innovative photocross-linked hydrogel based on GM with the addition of CS or a new unsulfated biotechnological chondroitin (BC). Biophysical, mechanical, and biochemical characterization have been assessed to compare GM hydrogels to the chondroitin containing networks. Moreover, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were seeded on these biomaterials in order to evaluate the differentiation toward the chondrocyte phenotype in 21 days. Rheological characterization showed that both CS and BC increased the stiffness (G' was about 2-fold), providing a stronger rigid matrix, with respect to GM alone. The biological tests confirmed the onset of MSCs differentiation process starting from 14 days of in vitro culture. In particular, the combination GM + BC resulted to be more effective than GM + CS in the up-regulation of key genes such as collagen type 2A1 (COLII), SOX-9, and aggrecan). In addition, the scanning microscope analyses revealed the cellular adhesion on materials and production of extracellular vesicles. Immunofluorescence staining confirmed an increase of COLII in presence of both chondroitins. Finally, the outcomes suggest that BC entangled within cross-linked GM matrix may represent a promising new biomaterial with potential applications in cartilage regeneration.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35088923
doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.37364
pmc: PMC9306773
doi:
Substances chimiques
Biocompatible Materials
0
Hydrogels
0
Methacrylates
0
gelatin methacryloyl
0
Gelatin
9000-70-8
Chondroitin Sulfates
9007-28-7
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1210-1223Subventions
Organisme : MISE- project CdS Altergon
ID : project CdS Altergon 000463
Informations de copyright
© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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