Disperse azo dyes, arylamines and halogenated dinitrobenzene compounds in synthetic garments on the Swedish market.
arylamines
clothing
contact allergy
disperse azo dyes
halogenated dinitrobenzenes
screening
textile dye mix
Journal
Contact dermatitis
ISSN: 1600-0536
Titre abrégé: Contact Dermatitis
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7604950
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Oct 2022
Oct 2022
Historique:
revised:
02
05
2022
received:
15
03
2022
accepted:
20
05
2022
pubmed:
26
5
2022
medline:
9
9
2022
entrez:
25
5
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Azobenzene disperse dyes (azo DDs) are well-known as textile allergens, but the knowledge of their occurrence in garments is low. The numerous azo DDs and dye components found in textiles constitute a potential health risk, but only seven azo DDs are included in the European baseline patch test series (EBS). To investigate non-regulated azo DDs and dye components in synthetic garments on the Swedish market. High-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and computerized data mining. Sixty-two azo DDs were detected, with Disperse Red 167:1 occurring in 67%, and 14 other DDs each found in >20% of the garments. Notably, the EBS dyes were less common, three even not detected, while arylamines were frequently detected and exceeded 1 mg/g in several garments. Also, halogenated dinitrobenzenes were identified in 25% of the textiles. Azo DDs and dye components, in complex compositions and with large variations, occurred frequently in the synthetic garments. The arylamines were shown to occur at much higher levels compared to the azo DDs, suggesting the former constitute a potentially higher health risk. The role of arylamines and halogenated dinitrobenzenes in textile allergy has to be further investigated.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Azobenzene disperse dyes (azo DDs) are well-known as textile allergens, but the knowledge of their occurrence in garments is low. The numerous azo DDs and dye components found in textiles constitute a potential health risk, but only seven azo DDs are included in the European baseline patch test series (EBS).
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
To investigate non-regulated azo DDs and dye components in synthetic garments on the Swedish market.
METHODS
METHODS
High-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and computerized data mining.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Sixty-two azo DDs were detected, with Disperse Red 167:1 occurring in 67%, and 14 other DDs each found in >20% of the garments. Notably, the EBS dyes were less common, three even not detected, while arylamines were frequently detected and exceeded 1 mg/g in several garments. Also, halogenated dinitrobenzenes were identified in 25% of the textiles.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Azo DDs and dye components, in complex compositions and with large variations, occurred frequently in the synthetic garments. The arylamines were shown to occur at much higher levels compared to the azo DDs, suggesting the former constitute a potentially higher health risk. The role of arylamines and halogenated dinitrobenzenes in textile allergy has to be further investigated.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35611449
doi: 10.1111/cod.14163
pmc: PMC9542814
doi:
Substances chimiques
Allergens
0
Amines
0
Azo Compounds
0
Coloring Agents
0
Dinitrobenzenes
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
315-324Subventions
Organisme : Naturvårdsverket
ID : 2219-17-009
Organisme : Stiftelsen för Miljöstrategisk Forskning
Organisme : Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas
Organisme : Swedish Asthma and Allergy Association
ID : F2019-0018
Organisme : FORMAS
ID : 2021-01540
Organisme : FORMAS
ID : 2017-01532
Organisme : Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research
ID : 2018/11
Commentaires et corrections
Type : ErratumIn
Informations de copyright
© 2022 The Authors. Contact Dermatitis published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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