Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Guiding Adjuvant Therapy in Stage II Colon Cancer.

Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use Australia Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / methods Circulating Tumor DNA / analysis Colonic Neoplasms / blood Disease-Free Survival Fluorouracil / therapeutic use Humans Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / prevention & control Neoplasm Staging Oxaliplatin / therapeutic use

Journal

The New England journal of medicine
ISSN: 1533-4406
Titre abrégé: N Engl J Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0255562

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
16 06 2022
Historique:
pubmed: 4 6 2022
medline: 18 6 2022
entrez: 3 6 2022
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II colon cancer continues to be debated. The presence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) after surgery predicts very poor recurrence-free survival, whereas its absence predicts a low risk of recurrence. The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for ctDNA-positive patients is not well understood. We conducted a trial to assess whether a ctDNA-guided approach could reduce the use of adjuvant chemotherapy without compromising recurrence risk. Patients with stage II colon cancer were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to have treatment decisions guided by either ctDNA results or standard clinicopathological features. For ctDNA-guided management, a ctDNA-positive result at 4 or 7 weeks after surgery prompted oxaliplatin-based or fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy. Patients who were ctDNA-negative were not treated. The primary efficacy end point was recurrence-free survival at 2 years. A key secondary end point was adjuvant chemotherapy use. Of the 455 patients who underwent randomization, 302 were assigned to ctDNA-guided management and 153 to standard management. The median follow-up was 37 months. A lower percentage of patients in the ctDNA-guided group than in the standard-management group received adjuvant chemotherapy (15% vs. 28%; relative risk, 1.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25 to 2.65). In the evaluation of 2-year recurrence-free survival, ctDNA-guided management was noninferior to standard management (93.5% and 92.4%, respectively; absolute difference, 1.1 percentage points; 95% CI, -4.1 to 6.2 [noninferiority margin, -8.5 percentage points]). Three-year recurrence-free survival was 86.4% among ctDNA-positive patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy and 92.5% among ctDNA-negative patients who did not. A ctDNA-guided approach to the treatment of stage II colon cancer reduced adjuvant chemotherapy use without compromising recurrence-free survival. (Supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and others; DYNAMIC Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number, ACTRN12615000381583.).

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II colon cancer continues to be debated. The presence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) after surgery predicts very poor recurrence-free survival, whereas its absence predicts a low risk of recurrence. The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for ctDNA-positive patients is not well understood.
METHODS
We conducted a trial to assess whether a ctDNA-guided approach could reduce the use of adjuvant chemotherapy without compromising recurrence risk. Patients with stage II colon cancer were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to have treatment decisions guided by either ctDNA results or standard clinicopathological features. For ctDNA-guided management, a ctDNA-positive result at 4 or 7 weeks after surgery prompted oxaliplatin-based or fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy. Patients who were ctDNA-negative were not treated. The primary efficacy end point was recurrence-free survival at 2 years. A key secondary end point was adjuvant chemotherapy use.
RESULTS
Of the 455 patients who underwent randomization, 302 were assigned to ctDNA-guided management and 153 to standard management. The median follow-up was 37 months. A lower percentage of patients in the ctDNA-guided group than in the standard-management group received adjuvant chemotherapy (15% vs. 28%; relative risk, 1.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25 to 2.65). In the evaluation of 2-year recurrence-free survival, ctDNA-guided management was noninferior to standard management (93.5% and 92.4%, respectively; absolute difference, 1.1 percentage points; 95% CI, -4.1 to 6.2 [noninferiority margin, -8.5 percentage points]). Three-year recurrence-free survival was 86.4% among ctDNA-positive patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy and 92.5% among ctDNA-negative patients who did not.
CONCLUSIONS
A ctDNA-guided approach to the treatment of stage II colon cancer reduced adjuvant chemotherapy use without compromising recurrence-free survival. (Supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and others; DYNAMIC Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number, ACTRN12615000381583.).

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2200075 PMID: 35657320 PMC: PMC9701133
pubmed: 35657320
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2200075
pmc: PMC9701133
mid: NIHMS1827426
doi:

Substances chimiques

Antineoplastic Agents 0
Circulating Tumor DNA 0
Oxaliplatin 04ZR38536J
Fluorouracil U3P01618RT

Banques de données

ANZCTR
['ACTRN12615000381583']

Types de publication

Journal Article Randomized Controlled Trial Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

2261-2272

Subventions

Organisme : Victorian Cancer Agency
ID : Clinical Research Fellowship 14007
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : P50 CA062924
Pays : United States
Organisme : Eastern Health Foundation
ID : Linda Williams Memorial Grant
Organisme : National Health and Medical Research Council
ID : APP1085531
Organisme : Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
ID : P50-CA062924, CA06973, CA176828, and CA210170
Organisme : National Health and Medical Research Council
ID : APP1194970

Investigateurs

Madhu Singh (M)
Sam Harris (S)
Craig Underhill (C)
Jeremy Shapiro (J)
Fiona Day (F)
Desmond Yip (D)
Lisa Horvath (L)
Rachel Wong (R)
Margaret Lee (M)
Sumitra Ananda (S)
Adnan Khattak (A)
Christos Karapetis (C)
Peter Gibbs (P)
Marion Harris (M)
Jenny Shannon (J)
James Lynam (J)
Belinda Lee (B)
Jeanne Tie (J)
Matthew Burge (M)
Louise Nott (L)
Theresa Hayes (T)
Sue-Anne McLachlan (SA)
Susanne Kosmider (S)

Commentaires et corrections

Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2022 Massachusetts Medical Society.

Références

Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Jul 16;(3):CD005390
pubmed: 18646127
Clin Cancer Res. 2021 Oct 15;27(20):5586-5594
pubmed: 33926918
Cancers (Basel). 2020 Sep 10;12(9):
pubmed: 32927771
Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2022 Jun;21(2):170-174
pubmed: 34772609
J Clin Oncol. 2019 Jun 20;37(18):1547-1557
pubmed: 31059311
Oncologist. 2015 Feb;20(2):127-33
pubmed: 25561511
J Biomed Inform. 2019 Jul;95:103208
pubmed: 31078660
J Glob Oncol. 2019 Feb;5:1-19
pubmed: 30802158
CA Cancer J Clin. 2018 Nov;68(6):394-424
pubmed: 30207593
Nat Med. 2008 Sep;14(9):985-90
pubmed: 18670422
J Clin Oncol. 2013 May 10;31(14):1775-81
pubmed: 23530100
Int J Cancer. 2016 Jul 1;139(1):187-93
pubmed: 26914273
Cancer Sci. 2021 Jul;112(7):2915-2920
pubmed: 33931919
J Biomed Inform. 2009 Apr;42(2):377-81
pubmed: 18929686
J Clin Oncol. 2016 Aug 20;34(24):2906-13
pubmed: 27325854
Lancet. 2018 May 26;391(10135):2128-2139
pubmed: 29754777
JCO Precis Oncol. 2021 Jul 21;5:
pubmed: 34327297
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jun 7;108(23):9530-5
pubmed: 21586637
Sci Transl Med. 2016 Jul 6;8(346):346ra92
pubmed: 27384348
J Clin Oncol. 2015 Dec 10;33(35):4176-87
pubmed: 26527776
Gut. 2019 Apr;68(4):663-671
pubmed: 29420226
Nat Cancer. 2020 Feb;1(2):176-183
pubmed: 34505064
PLoS Med. 2021 May 3;18(5):e1003620
pubmed: 33939694
J Clin Oncol. 2012 Sep 20;30(27):3353-60
pubmed: 22915656
N Engl J Med. 2018 Mar 29;378(13):1177-1188
pubmed: 29590544
BMC Cancer. 2020 Aug 20;20(1):790
pubmed: 32819390
Acta Oncol. 2020 Mar;59(3):336-341
pubmed: 31920137
Ann Oncol. 2020 Oct;31(10):1291-1305
pubmed: 32702383
Dig Liver Dis. 2020 Jul;52(7):730-733
pubmed: 32482534
Ann Surg Oncol. 2010 Jun;17(6):1471-4
pubmed: 20180029
J Clin Oncol. 2011 Sep 1;29(25):3381-8
pubmed: 21788561
Acta Oncol. 2015 Jan;54(1):5-16
pubmed: 25430983

Auteurs

Jeanne Tie (J)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).
ORCID: 0000-0001-9244-2057

Joshua D Cohen (JD)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Kamel Lahouel (K)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).
ORCID: 0000-0002-4339-5749

Serigne N Lo (SN)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Yuxuan Wang (Y)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Suzanne Kosmider (S)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Rachel Wong (R)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).
ORCID: 0000-0002-4926-5689

Jeremy Shapiro (J)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Margaret Lee (M)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Sam Harris (S)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Adnan Khattak (A)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Matthew Burge (M)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Marion Harris (M)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

James Lynam (J)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).
ORCID: 0000-0002-6742-820X

Louise Nott (L)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Fiona Day (F)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Theresa Hayes (T)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Sue-Anne McLachlan (SA)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Belinda Lee (B)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Janine Ptak (J)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Natalie Silliman (N)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Lisa Dobbyn (L)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Maria Popoli (M)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Ralph Hruban (R)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Anne Marie Lennon (AM)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Nicholas Papadopoulos (N)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Kenneth W Kinzler (KW)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Bert Vogelstein (B)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Cristian Tomasetti (C)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Peter Gibbs (P)

From the Division of Personalised Oncology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (J.T., R.W., M.L., B.L., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (J.T., B.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health (J.T., S.K., M.L., P.G.), the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne (J.T., P.G.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health (R.W., M.L.), the Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University (R.W., M.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Cabrini Health (J.S.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health (M.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's Hospital (S.-A.M.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Health (B.L.), Melbourne, VIC, the Research and Biostatistics Group, Melanoma Institute Australia, and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney (S.N.L.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, VIC (S.H.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, and Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA (A.K.), the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, and the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD (M.B.), Newcastle Private Hospital (J.L.), and the Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital (F.D.), Newcastle, NSW, the Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS (L.N.), and South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC (T.H.) - all in Australia; the Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (K.L., C.T.), Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center (J.D.C., Y.W., J.P., N.S., L.D., M.P., R.H., A.M.L., N.P., K.W.K., B.V.), and the Departments of Pathology (R.H.) and Medicine (A.M.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.P., N.S., B.V.), the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University (J.D.C.), and the Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (C.T.) - all in Baltimore; and the Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (S.N.L.).

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female

Evaluation of Low-Value Services Across Major Medicare Advantage Insurers and Traditional Medicare.

Ciara Duggan, Adam L Beckman, Ishani Ganguli et al.
1.00
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C

Effectiveness of Virtual Yoga for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Hallie Tankha, Devyn Gaskins, Amanda Shallcross et al.
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Actions chimiques et utilisations › Actions pharmacologiques › Utilisations thérapeutiques › Antinéoplasiques › Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Guiding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Thérapeutique › Traitement médicamenteux › Association de médicaments › Protocoles de polychimiothérapie antinéoplasique › Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Guiding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Régions géographiques › Océanie › Australasie › Australie › Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Guiding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Thérapeutique › Traitement médicamenteux › Traitement médicamenteux adjuvant › Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Guiding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Acides nucléiques, nucléotides et nucléosides › Acides nucléiques › ADN › ADN tumoral › ADN tumoral circulant › Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Guiding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies de l'appareil digestif › Maladies gastro-intestinales › Maladies intestinales › Tumeurs de l'intestin › Tumeurs du côlon › Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Guiding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Statistiques comme sujet › Analyse de survie › Survie sans rechute › Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Guiding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Composés hétérocycliques › Composés hétéromonocycliques › Pyrimidines › Pyrimidinones › Uracile › Fluorouracil › Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Guiding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Guiding...
questionsmedicales.fr › États, signes et symptômes pathologiques › Processus pathologiques › Processus néoplasiques › Récidive tumorale locale › Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Guiding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Diagnostic › Pronostic › Stadification tumorale › Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Guiding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Composés chimiques organiques › Complexes de coordination › Oxaliplatine › Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Guiding...