Genomics and pathotypes of the many faces of Escherichia coli.
Escherichia coli pathotypes
accessory genome, antibiotic resistance
bacterial species
population dynamics
virulence factors
Journal
FEMS microbiology reviews
ISSN: 1574-6976
Titre abrégé: FEMS Microbiol Rev
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8902526
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 11 2022
02 11 2022
Historique:
received:
20
11
2021
accepted:
22
06
2022
pubmed:
25
6
2022
medline:
5
11
2022
entrez:
24
6
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Escherichia coli is the most researched microbial organism in the world. Its varied impact on human health, consisting of commensalism, gastrointestinal disease, or extraintestinal pathologies, has generated a separation of the species into at least eleven pathotypes (also known as pathovars). These are broadly split into two groups, intestinal pathogenic E. coli (InPEC) and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). However, components of E. coli's infinite open accessory genome are horizontally transferred with substantial frequency, creating pathogenic hybrid strains that defy a clear pathotype designation. Here, we take a birds-eye view of the E. coli species, characterizing it from historical, clinical, and genetic perspectives. We examine the wide spectrum of human disease caused by E. coli, the genome content of the bacterium, and its propensity to acquire, exchange, and maintain antibiotic resistance genes and virulence traits. Our portrayal of the species also discusses elements that have shaped its overall population structure and summarizes the current state of vaccine development targeted at the most frequent E. coli pathovars. In our conclusions, we advocate streamlining efforts for clinical reporting of ExPEC, and emphasize the pathogenic potential that exists throughout the entire species.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35749579
pii: 6617594
doi: 10.1093/femsre/fuac031
pmc: PMC9629502
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Escherichia coli Proteins
0
Virulence Factors
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/S013660/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of FEMS.
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