The catalytic and structural basis of archaeal glycerophospholipid biosynthesis.
Archaea
Crystal structure
Glycerophospholipids
Lipid metabolism
Lipid-divide
Journal
Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions
ISSN: 1433-4909
Titre abrégé: Extremophiles
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 9706854
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
17 Aug 2022
17 Aug 2022
Historique:
received:
21
03
2022
accepted:
02
08
2022
entrez:
17
8
2022
pubmed:
18
8
2022
medline:
20
8
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Archaeal glycerophospholipids are the main constituents of the cytoplasmic membrane in the archaeal domain of life and fundamentally differ in chemical composition compared to bacterial phospholipids. They consist of isoprenyl chains ether-bonded to glycerol-1-phosphate. In contrast, bacterial glycerophospholipids are composed of fatty acyl chains ester-bonded to glycerol-3-phosphate. This largely domain-distinguishing feature has been termed the "lipid-divide". The chemical composition of archaeal membranes contributes to the ability of archaea to survive and thrive in extreme environments. However, ether-bonded glycerophospholipids are not only limited to extremophiles and found also in mesophilic archaea. Resolving the structural basis of glycerophospholipid biosynthesis is a key objective to provide insights in the early evolution of membrane formation and to deepen our understanding of the molecular basis of extremophilicity. Many of the glycerophospholipid enzymes are either integral membrane proteins or membrane-associated, and hence are intrinsically difficult to study structurally. However, in recent years, the crystal structures of several key enzymes have been solved, while unresolved enzymatic steps in the archaeal glycerophospholipid biosynthetic pathway have been clarified providing further insights in the lipid-divide and the evolution of early life.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35976526
doi: 10.1007/s00792-022-01277-w
pii: 10.1007/s00792-022-01277-w
pmc: PMC9385802
doi:
Substances chimiques
Ethers
0
Glycerophospholipids
0
Membrane Lipids
0
Phosphates
0
Glycerol
PDC6A3C0OX
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
29Subventions
Organisme : NWOBaSyC - Building a Synthetic Cell' Gravitation grant
ID : 024.003.019
Organisme : NWO Building Blocks of Life program
ID : 737.016.006
Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s).
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