Use and Effects of Augmentation of Labor with Oxytocin: A Single-Center, Retrospective, Case-Control Study of 4350 Women in Warsaw, Poland, 2015-2020.

BACKGROUND Although there have been some recent clinical trials on the effects of augmentation of labor with oxytocin, or augmentation of labor, there are no clinical guidelines to explain the variations in obstetric practice between countries and within countries. This retrospective case-control study from a single center in Warsaw, Poland aimed to evaluate the use and effects of augmentation of labor with oxytocin in 4350 women between 2015 and 2020. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a single-center, retrospective, case-control study in which 29 455 cases were qualified for analysis. The study included the analysis of 2 groups: the study group consisted of 4382 patients who underwent stimulation of childbirth, and the control group consisted of 25 073 patients who did not undergo this obstetric procedure. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the factors increasing the frequency of augmentation of labor were higher BMI (P<0.05), preinduction (P<0.05), epidural anesthesia (P<0.05), and family present at birth (P<0.05). Factors influencing reduction in the frequency of augmentation of labor were higher number of deliveries (P<0.05), vaginal birth after cesarean (P<0.05), and pre-pregnancy hypertension (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study from a single center in Poland showed that BMI, preinduction, epidural anesthesia, and family present at birth significantly increased the frequency of labor stimulation with oxytocin. However, a history of previous pregnancies, previous cesarean sections, and pre-pregnancy hypertension significantly reduced the frequency of augmentation of labor with oxytocin.