Whole-genome sequence analysis reveals the circulation of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in Nairobi and neighboring counties, Kenya between March and July 2021.


Journal

Virology journal
ISSN: 1743-422X
Titre abrégé: Virol J
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101231645

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
08 11 2022
Historique:
received: 27 10 2021
accepted: 05 10 2022
entrez: 8 11 2022
pubmed: 9 11 2022
medline: 11 11 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

The emergence and rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) have been linked to new waves of COVID-19 epidemics occurring in different regions of the world. The VOC have acquired adaptive mutations that have enhanced virus transmissibility, increased virulence, and reduced response to neutralizing antibodies. Kenya has experienced six waves of COVID-19 epidemics. In this study, we analyzed 64 genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 strains that circulated in Nairobi and neighboring counties, Kenya between March 2021 and July 2021. Viral RNA was extracted from RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 cases, followed by sequencing using the ARTIC network protocol and Oxford Nanopore Technologies. Analysis of the sequence data was performed using different bioinformatics methods. Our analyses revealed that during the study period, three SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) circulated in Nairobi and nearby counties in Kenya. The Alpha (B.1.1.7) lineage predominated (62.7%), followed by Delta (B.1.617.2, 35.8%) and Beta (B.1.351, 1.5%). Notably, the Alpha (B.1.1.7) VOC were most frequent from March 2021 to May 2021, while the Delta (B.1.617.2) dominated beginning June 2021 through July 2021. Sequence comparisons revealed that all the Kenyan viruses were genetically similar to those that circulated in other regions. Although the majority of Kenyan viruses clustered together in their respective phylogenetic lineages/clades, a significant number were interspersed among foreign strains. Between March and July 2021, our study's findings indicate the prevalence of multiple lineages of SAR-CoV-2 VOC in Nairobi and nearby counties in Kenya. The data suggest that the recent increase in SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly in Nairobi and Kenya as a whole, is attributable to the introduction and community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 VOC among the populace. In conclusion, the findings provide a snapshot of the SARS-CoV-2 variants that circulated in Kenya during the study period.

Identifiants

pubmed: 36348341
doi: 10.1186/s12985-022-01895-y
pii: 10.1186/s12985-022-01895-y
pmc: PMC9640859
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

178

Informations de copyright

© 2022. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Samoel Ashimosi Khamadi (SA)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Silvanos Opanda (S)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Samwel Lifumo Symekher (SL)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Samson Konongoi Limbaso (SK)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Solomon Langat (S)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Josyline Kaburi Cirindi (JK)

Centre for Biotechnology Research and Development, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, Kenya.

Milkah Mwangi (M)

Centre for Biotechnology Research and Development, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, Kenya.

Nicholas Mwikwabe (N)

Centre for Traditional Medicine and Drug Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, Kenya.

Seth Okeyo (S)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Edith Koskei (E)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

James Mutisya (J)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Samwel Owaka (S)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Albert Nyunja (A)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Hellen Koka (H)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Meshack Wadegu (M)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Esther Chitechi (E)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Rachel Achilla (R)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Janet Masitsa Majanja (JM)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Lucy Kanyara (L)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

Evans Amukoye (E)

Centre for Respiratory Diseases Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, Kenya.

Wallace Bulimo (W)

Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54628-00200, Nairobi, Kenya. Wbulimo@kemri.org.

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Classifications MeSH