Birth order and sickness absence: Register-based evidence from Finland.
Journal
PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
Titre abrégé: PLoS One
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101285081
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2023
2023
Historique:
received:
15
06
2022
accepted:
29
12
2022
entrez:
17
1
2023
pubmed:
18
1
2023
medline:
20
1
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
In working ages, sickness absence is strongly related to persons' health condition. We studied how birth order was associated with receipt of sickness allowance, distinguishing between mental disorders, musculoskeletal disorders and injuries. A follow-up study based on the entire Finnish population was conducted for sibling groups born 1969-1982, in which each sibling was observed from age 35 years in the period 2004-2018. Focus was on within-family variation in first-time sickness allowance receipt. Results of stratified Cox regressions revealed that each increase in birth order was associated with a slightly higher risk of sickness absence from any cause. For mental disorders, associations were stronger; the hazard ratio as compared to first borns was 1.03 (95% CI: 0.98-1.08) of second borns, 1.10 (0.99-1.22) of third borns, and 1.52 (1.25-1.85) of fourth or higher borns. Corresponding numbers for musculoskeletal disorders were 1.12 (1.07-1.17), 1.19 (1.09-1.30) and 1.15 (0.96-1.38), and for injuries 1.06 (1.01-1.12), 1.09 (1.21-1.14) and 0.96 (0.77-1.20), respectively. Birth order effects were generally stronger for women than men, and to some extent influenced by educational level, occupation, income, and family composition. Possible latent mechanisms behind the associations may relate to within-family dynamics at childhood.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
In working ages, sickness absence is strongly related to persons' health condition. We studied how birth order was associated with receipt of sickness allowance, distinguishing between mental disorders, musculoskeletal disorders and injuries.
METHODS
A follow-up study based on the entire Finnish population was conducted for sibling groups born 1969-1982, in which each sibling was observed from age 35 years in the period 2004-2018. Focus was on within-family variation in first-time sickness allowance receipt.
RESULTS
Results of stratified Cox regressions revealed that each increase in birth order was associated with a slightly higher risk of sickness absence from any cause. For mental disorders, associations were stronger; the hazard ratio as compared to first borns was 1.03 (95% CI: 0.98-1.08) of second borns, 1.10 (0.99-1.22) of third borns, and 1.52 (1.25-1.85) of fourth or higher borns. Corresponding numbers for musculoskeletal disorders were 1.12 (1.07-1.17), 1.19 (1.09-1.30) and 1.15 (0.96-1.38), and for injuries 1.06 (1.01-1.12), 1.09 (1.21-1.14) and 0.96 (0.77-1.20), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Birth order effects were generally stronger for women than men, and to some extent influenced by educational level, occupation, income, and family composition. Possible latent mechanisms behind the associations may relate to within-family dynamics at childhood.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36649355
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280532
pii: PONE-D-22-17079
pmc: PMC9844843
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e0280532Informations de copyright
Copyright: © 2023 Reini, Saarela. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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