Assays to quantify fibrinolysis: strengths and limitations. Communication from the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Scientific and Standardization Committee on fibrinolysis.
ELISA
enzyme assays
fibrinolysis
plasminogen
plasminogen activators
Journal
Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
ISSN: 1538-7836
Titre abrégé: J Thromb Haemost
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101170508
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
04 2023
04 2023
Historique:
received:
25
05
2022
revised:
04
01
2023
accepted:
06
01
2023
pmc-release:
01
04
2024
medline:
31
3
2023
pubmed:
10
2
2023
entrez:
9
2
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Fibrinolysis is a series of enzymatic reactions that degrade insoluble fibrin. Plasminogen activators convert the zymogen plasminogen to the active serine protease plasmin, which cleaves and solubilizes crosslinked fibrin clots into fibrin degradation products. The quantity and quality of fibrinolytic enzymes, their respective inhibitors, and clot structure determine overall fibrinolysis. The quantity of protein can be measured by antigen-based assays, and both quantity and quality can be assessed using functional assays. Furthermore, variations of commonly used assays have been reported, which are tailored to address the role(s) of specific fibrinolytic factors and cellular elements (eg, platelets, neutrophils, and red blood cells). Although the concentration and/or activity of a protein can be quantified, how these individual components contribute to the overall fibrinolysis outcome can be challenging to determine. This difficulty is due to temporal changes within and around the thrombi during the clot breakdown, particularly the fibrin matrix structure, and composition. Furthermore, terms such as "fibrinolytic activity/potential," "plasminogen activation," and "plasmin activity" are often used interchangeably despite having different definitions. The purpose of this review is to 1) summarize the assays measuring fibrinolysis activity and potential, 2) facilitate the interpretation of data generated by these assays, and 3) summarize the strengths and limitations of these assays.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36759279
pii: S1538-7836(23)00036-3
doi: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.01.008
pmc: PMC10109242
mid: NIHMS1888583
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Fibrinolysin
EC 3.4.21.7
Plasminogen
9001-91-6
Fibrin
9001-31-4
Serine Proteases
EC 3.4.-
Types de publication
Review
Practice Guideline
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1043-1054Subventions
Organisme : NHLBI NIH HHS
ID : R01 HL126974
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of competing interests There are no competing interests to disclose.
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