Mixtures of Mycotoxins, Phytoestrogens, and Other Secondary Metabolites in Whole-Plant Corn Silages and Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Farms in Central and Northern Mexico.
co-occurrence
dairy farming
feed safety
maize silage
multi-mycotoxin analysis
phytoestrogens
total mixed rations
Journal
Toxins
ISSN: 2072-6651
Titre abrégé: Toxins (Basel)
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101530765
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
13 02 2023
13 02 2023
Historique:
received:
31
01
2023
revised:
08
02
2023
accepted:
09
02
2023
entrez:
24
2
2023
pubmed:
25
2
2023
medline:
3
3
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Mycotoxins and endocrine disruptors such as phytoestrogens can affect cattle health, reproduction, and productivity. Most studies of mycotoxins in dairy feeds in Mexico and worldwide have been focused on a few (regulated) mycotoxins. In contrast, less known fungal toxins, phytoestrogens, and other metabolites have been neglected and underestimated. This study analyzed a broad spectrum (>800) of mycotoxins, phytoestrogens, and fungal, plant, and unspecific secondary metabolites in whole-plant corn silages (WPCSs) and total mixed rations (TMRs) collected from 19 Mexican dairy farms. A validated multi-metabolite liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometric (LC/ESI-MS/MS) method was used. Our results revealed 125 of >800 tested (potentially toxic) secondary metabolites. WPCSs/TMRs in Mexico presented ubiquitous contamination with mycotoxins, phytoestrogens, and other metabolites. The average number of mycotoxins per TMR was 24, ranging from 9 to 31.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36828467
pii: toxins15020153
doi: 10.3390/toxins15020153
pmc: PMC9965745
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Mycotoxins
0
Phytoestrogens
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
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