Massive increases in C31 alkane on Zygophyllum xanthoxylum leaves contribute to its excellent abiotic stress tolerance.
Zygophyllum
xanthoxylum
C31 alkane
Desert shrubs
abiotic stress
cuticular wax
epidermal morphology
Journal
Annals of botany
ISSN: 1095-8290
Titre abrégé: Ann Bot
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0372347
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
28 04 2023
28 04 2023
Historique:
received:
04
11
2022
accepted:
24
02
2023
pmc-release:
27
02
2024
medline:
1
5
2023
pubmed:
28
2
2023
entrez:
27
2
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Desert plants possess excellent water-conservation capacities to survive in extreme environments. Cuticular wax plays a pivotal role in reducing water loss through plant aerial surfaces. However, the role of cuticular wax in water retention by desert plants is poorly understood. We investigated leaf epidermal morphology and wax composition of five desert shrubs from north-west China and characterized the wax morphology and composition for the typical xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum under salt, drought and heat treatments. Moreover, we examined leaf water loss and chlorophyll leaching of Z. xanthoxylum and analysed their relationships with wax composition under the above treatments. The leaf epidermis of Z. xanthoxylum was densely covered by cuticular wax, whereas the other four desert shrubs had trichomes or cuticular folds in addition to cuticular wax. The total amount of cuticular wax on leaves of Z. xanthoxylum and Ammopiptanthus mongolicus was significantly higher than that of the other three shrubs. Strikingly, C31 alkane, the most abundant component, composed >71 % of total alkanes in Z. xanthoxylum, which was higher than for the other four shrubs studied here. Salt, drought and heat treatments resulted in significant increases in the amount of cuticular wax. Of these treatments, the combined drought plus 45 °C treatment led to the largest increase (107 %) in the total amount of cuticular wax, attributable primarily to an increase of 122 % in C31 alkane. Moreover, the proportion of C31 alkane within total alkanes remained >75 % in all the above treatments. Notably, the water loss and chlorophyll leaching were reduced, which was negatively correlated with C31 alkane content. Zygophyllum xanthoxylum could serve as a model desert plant for study of the function of cuticular wax in water retention because of its relatively uncomplicated leaf surface and because it accumulates C31 alkane massively to reduce cuticular permeability and resist abiotic stressors.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Desert plants possess excellent water-conservation capacities to survive in extreme environments. Cuticular wax plays a pivotal role in reducing water loss through plant aerial surfaces. However, the role of cuticular wax in water retention by desert plants is poorly understood.
METHODS
We investigated leaf epidermal morphology and wax composition of five desert shrubs from north-west China and characterized the wax morphology and composition for the typical xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum under salt, drought and heat treatments. Moreover, we examined leaf water loss and chlorophyll leaching of Z. xanthoxylum and analysed their relationships with wax composition under the above treatments.
KEY RESULTS
The leaf epidermis of Z. xanthoxylum was densely covered by cuticular wax, whereas the other four desert shrubs had trichomes or cuticular folds in addition to cuticular wax. The total amount of cuticular wax on leaves of Z. xanthoxylum and Ammopiptanthus mongolicus was significantly higher than that of the other three shrubs. Strikingly, C31 alkane, the most abundant component, composed >71 % of total alkanes in Z. xanthoxylum, which was higher than for the other four shrubs studied here. Salt, drought and heat treatments resulted in significant increases in the amount of cuticular wax. Of these treatments, the combined drought plus 45 °C treatment led to the largest increase (107 %) in the total amount of cuticular wax, attributable primarily to an increase of 122 % in C31 alkane. Moreover, the proportion of C31 alkane within total alkanes remained >75 % in all the above treatments. Notably, the water loss and chlorophyll leaching were reduced, which was negatively correlated with C31 alkane content.
CONCLUSION
Zygophyllum xanthoxylum could serve as a model desert plant for study of the function of cuticular wax in water retention because of its relatively uncomplicated leaf surface and because it accumulates C31 alkane massively to reduce cuticular permeability and resist abiotic stressors.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36848247
pii: 7059085
doi: 10.1093/aob/mcad038
pmc: PMC10147333
doi:
Substances chimiques
Alkanes
0
Sodium Chloride
451W47IQ8X
Chlorophyll
1406-65-1
Water
059QF0KO0R
Waxes
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
723-736Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
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