Plant secondary metabolite citral interferes with Phytophthora capsici virulence by manipulating the expression of effector genes.
Phytophthora blight
antimicrobial activity
mechanism
plant secondary metabolite
virulence gene
Journal
Molecular plant pathology
ISSN: 1364-3703
Titre abrégé: Mol Plant Pathol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100954969
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 2023
08 2023
Historique:
revised:
14
02
2023
received:
24
11
2022
accepted:
02
04
2023
medline:
17
7
2023
pubmed:
24
4
2023
entrez:
24
04
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Phytophthora capsici is a notorious pathogen that infects various economically important plants and causes serious threats to agriculture worldwide. Plants deploy a variety of plant secondary metabolites to fend off pathogen attacks, but the molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, we screened 11 plant secondary metabolites to evaluate their biofumigation effects against P. capsici, and found that citral, carvacrol, and trans-2-decenal exhibited strong antimicrobial effects. Intriguingly, a low concentration of citral was effective in restricting P. capsici infection in Nicotiana benthamiana, but it was unable to inhibit the mycelial growth. A high concentration of citral affected the mycelial growth and morphology, zoospore germination, and cell membrane permeability of P. capsici. Further investigations showed that citral did not induce expression of tested plant immunity-related genes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, suggesting that a low concentration of citral could not trigger plant immunity. Moreover, RNA-Seq analysis showed that citral treatment regulated the expression of some P. capsici effector genes such as RxLR genes and P. cactorum-fragaria (PCF)/small cysteine-rich (SCR)74-like genes during the infection process, which was also verified by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR assay. Five candidate effector genes suppressed by citral significantly facilitated P. capsici infection in N. benthamiana or inhibited ROS triggered by flg22, suggesting that they were virulence factors of P. capsici. Together, our results revealed that plant-derived citral exhibited excellent inhibitory efficacy against P. capsici by suppressing vegetative growth and manipulating expression of effector genes, which provides a promising application of citral for controlling Phytophthora blight.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37092279
doi: 10.1111/mpp.13340
pmc: PMC10346372
doi:
Substances chimiques
Reactive Oxygen Species
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
932-946Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. Molecular Plant Pathology published by British Society for Plant Pathology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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