Conductor Losses in Radiofrequency Coils for Magnetic Resonance below 3T: Estimation Methods and Minimization Strategies.


Journal

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 1424-8220
Titre abrégé: Sensors (Basel)
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101204366

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
14 Jun 2023
Historique:
received: 18 05 2023
revised: 12 06 2023
accepted: 13 06 2023
medline: 10 7 2023
pubmed: 8 7 2023
entrez: 8 7 2023
Statut: epublish

Résumé

The design of optimized radiofrequency (RF) coils is a fundamental task for maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) applications. An efficient coil should be designed by minimizing the coil noise with respect to the sample noise, since coil conductor resistance affects data quality by reducing the SNR, especially for coils tuned to a low frequency. Such conductor losses strongly depend on the frequency (due to the skin effect) and on the conductor cross-sectional shape (strip or wire). This paper reviews the different methods for estimating conductor losses in RF coils for MRI/MRS applications, comprising analytical formulations, theoretical/experimental hybrid approaches and full-wave simulations. Moreover, the different strategies for minimizing such losses, including the use of Litz wire, cooled and superconducting coils, are described. Finally, recent emerging technologies in RF coil design are briefly reviewed.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37420752
pii: s23125586
doi: 10.3390/s23125586
pmc: PMC10301304
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

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Auteurs

Giulio Giovannetti (G)

Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.

Alessandra Flori (A)

U.O.C. Bioingegneria e Ingegneria Clinica, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.

Francesca Frijia (F)

U.O.C. Bioingegneria e Ingegneria Clinica, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.

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Classifications MeSH