Improving the Stability and Effectiveness of Immunotropic Squalene Nanoemulsion by Adding Turpentine Oil.
bioactive terpenes
immunopotentiating properties
improving emulsion stability
squalene nanoemulsion
turpentine oil
Journal
Biomolecules
ISSN: 2218-273X
Titre abrégé: Biomolecules
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101596414
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
29 06 2023
29 06 2023
Historique:
received:
30
05
2023
revised:
18
06
2023
accepted:
27
06
2023
medline:
31
7
2023
pubmed:
29
7
2023
entrez:
29
7
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Turpentine oil, owing to the presence of 7-50 terpenes, has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, anticoagulant, antioxidant, and antitumor properties, which are important for medical emulsion preparation. The addition of turpentine oil to squalene emulsions can increase their effectiveness, thereby reducing the concentration of expensive and possibly deficient squalene, and increasing its stability and shelf life. In this study, squalene emulsions were obtained by adding various concentrations of turpentine oil via high-pressure homogenization, and the safety and effectiveness of the obtained emulsions were studied in vitro and in vivo. All emulsions showed high safety profiles, regardless of the concentration of turpentine oil used. However, these emulsions exhibited dose-dependent effects in terms of both efficiency and storage stability, and the squalene emulsion with 1.0% turpentine oil had the most pronounced adjuvant and cytokine-stimulating activity as well as the most pronounced stability indicators when stored at room temperature. Thus, it can be concluded that the squalene emulsion with 1% turpentine oil is a stable, monomodal, and reliably safe ultradispersed emulsion and may have pleiotropic effects with pronounced immunopotentiating properties.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37509089
pii: biom13071053
doi: 10.3390/biom13071053
pmc: PMC10377128
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Emulsions
0
Squalene
7QWM220FJH
Turpentine
XJ6RUH0O4G
Oils
0
Adjuvants, Immunologic
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
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