Task-specific oromandibular dystonia secondary to chewing Khat (Catha edulis)- A series of 35 cases.
Arabian
Botulinum toxin
Cantha Edulis
Habitual
Jaw closing
Jaw opening
Khat
Oromandibular dystonia
Yemen
Journal
Parkinsonism & related disorders
ISSN: 1873-5126
Titre abrégé: Parkinsonism Relat Disord
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9513583
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2023
09 2023
Historique:
received:
04
06
2023
revised:
09
08
2023
accepted:
13
08
2023
medline:
11
9
2023
pubmed:
25
8
2023
entrez:
24
8
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The leaves of "Khat" (Catha edulis), an indigenous shrub of Yemen and Arabian Peninsula are habitually chewed by the inhabitants for psychostimulant properties. To describe a unique task specific Oro-mandibular dystonia (OMD) in Yemenese men, with a temporal association with chewing "Khat". Multicentric, retrospective analysis (2009-2020) of patients with OMD associated with "Khat" chewing, evaluating clinical features and response to Onabotulinum toxin A. 35 Yemenese men with a negative family history, normal neuroimaging mean age of 44.31(±3.21) years and prolonged (20.31 ± 3.27 years) history of chewing Khat, around 5.16(±0.80) hours/day presented with OMD-20 jaw opening, 13 jaw closing and 2 mixed affecting chewing (n = 6), speech (n = 3), or both (n = 26). Additional lingual dystonia was seen in five. Chewing of khat is a repetitive task involving the jaw musculature and may be one of the causative factors of this task specific OMD. Recognition can prevent disability in these regions.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The leaves of "Khat" (Catha edulis), an indigenous shrub of Yemen and Arabian Peninsula are habitually chewed by the inhabitants for psychostimulant properties.
OBJECTIVE
To describe a unique task specific Oro-mandibular dystonia (OMD) in Yemenese men, with a temporal association with chewing "Khat".
METHODS
Multicentric, retrospective analysis (2009-2020) of patients with OMD associated with "Khat" chewing, evaluating clinical features and response to Onabotulinum toxin A.
RESULTS
35 Yemenese men with a negative family history, normal neuroimaging mean age of 44.31(±3.21) years and prolonged (20.31 ± 3.27 years) history of chewing Khat, around 5.16(±0.80) hours/day presented with OMD-20 jaw opening, 13 jaw closing and 2 mixed affecting chewing (n = 6), speech (n = 3), or both (n = 26). Additional lingual dystonia was seen in five.
CONCLUSIONS
Chewing of khat is a repetitive task involving the jaw musculature and may be one of the causative factors of this task specific OMD. Recognition can prevent disability in these regions.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37619301
pii: S1353-8020(23)00885-4
doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105806
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
105806Informations de copyright
Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of competing interest No conflict of interest.